求新加坡英文简短介绍（中英对照）

Singapore,officiallytheRepublicofSingapore,isanislandcountrylocatedatthesoutherntipoftheMalayPeninsula.Itlies137kilometres(85mi)northoftheequator,southoftheMalaysianstateofJohorandnorthofIndonesia'sRiauIslands.At707.1km2(273.0sqmi),Singaporeisoneoffourremainingtruecity-statesintheworld.Itisthe***allestnationinSoutheastAsia.

PriortoEuropeansettlement,theislandnowknownasSingaporewasthesiteofaMalayfishingvillageatthemouthoftheSingaporeRiver.SeveralhundredindigenousOrangLautpeoplealsolivedalongthenearbycoast,riversandon***allerislands.In1819theBritishEastIndiapanyestablishedatradingpostontheisland,whichwasusedthereafterasastrategictradingpostalongthespiceroute.[4]SingaporewouldbeeoneofthemostimportantmercialandmilitarycentresoftheBritishEmpire,andthehubofBritishpowerinSoutheastAsia.ThecitywasoccupiedbytheJapaneseduringWorldWarII,whichWinstonChurchillcalledBritain'sgreatestdefeat.[5]SingaporerevertedtoBritishruleimmediatelypostwar,in1945.Eighteenyearslaterthecity,havingachievedindependencefromBritain,mergedwithMalaya,SabahandSarawaktoformMalaysia.However,lessthantwoyearslateritsecededfromthefederationandbecameanindependentrepublicon9August1965.SingaporejoinedtheUnitedNationson21Septemberthatsameyear.ItisalsoamemberofthemonwealthofNations.

Sinceindependence,Singapore'sstandardoflivinghasbeenontherise.Foreigndirectinvestmentandastate-leddrivetoindustrialisationbasedonplansdrawnupbytheDutcheconomistAlbertWinsemiushavecreatedamoderneconomyfocusedonelectronicsmanufacturing,petrochemicals,touri***andfinancialservicesalongsidetraditionalentrepôttrade.[citationneeded]Singaporeisthe5thwealthiestcountryintheworldintermsofGDP(PPP)percapita.[6]This***allnationhasforeignexchangereservesofmorethanUS$177billion.[7]

ThepopulationofSingaporeisapproximately4.84million.[2]ThoughSingaporeishighlyco***opolitananddiverse,ethnicformthemajorityofthepopulation.Englishistheadministrativelanguageofthecountry.

TheConstitutionoftheRepublicofSingaporeestablishedthenation'spoliticalsystemasarepresentativedemocracy,whilethecountryisrecognisedasaparliamentaryrepublic.[8]ThePeople'sActionParty(PAP)dominatesthepoliticalprocessandhaswoncontrolofParliamentineveryelection.

新加坡共和国，是东南亚的一个岛国，也是一个城市国家。

该国位於马来半岛南端，毗邻马六甲海峡南口，其南面有新加坡海峡与印尼相隔，北面有柔佛海峡与马来西亚相隔，并以长堤相连於新马两岸之间。

新加坡的国土除了本岛之外，还包括周围数岛。

1819年，任职于英国东印度公司的斯坦福·莱佛士与柔佛苏丹签订条约，获准在新加坡建立交易站和殖民地。

由於地理位置特殊，新加坡在二次世界大战以前一直是大英帝国在东南亚最重要的据点，经莱佛士努力，逐渐发展成繁荣的转口港。

1942年至1945年间，新加坡曾被日军占据三年半之久，之后回归英国管辖。

1965年独立后，新加坡在短时间内由发展中国家迅速转变成为经济富裕的发达国家，其人民生活水平也因此得以快速提高，从而位居世界之前列。

另外作为亚洲最重要的金融、服务和航运中心之一，新加坡在城市保洁方面效果显著，故亦有「花园城市」之美称。