一篇题为“英国的骑士文化”的英文文章

1NationalDressinBritain

ScottishNationalDress

OneofthemostfamousnationalcostumesintheworldisthatworninScotland,thekilt,howeversomepeoplesaythatthekiltisnotastraditionalassomewouldhaveit.BethatasitmayitiscertainlywhatpeopleassociatewithScotland,alongwithwhiskyandhaggisthatis.

Somepeopleconsideritverybadlucktowearakiltinatartanthatdoesnotbelongtoyourfamily.

JusttoremindyoushouldyouvisitScotlandanytime-themendonotwearskirts-theywearkilts-anddon'tyouforgetit!

Gentlemen

2.Cricketisabatandballsport.

Theobjectiveofthegameistoscoremoreruns(points)thantheopposingteam.Itisateamgameplayedbetweentwoteamsofelevenplayerseach.ItoriginatedinitsmodernforminEngland,andispopularmainlyintheCommonwealthcountries.

InthecountriesofSouthAsia,includingIndia,Pakistan,BangladeshandSriLanka,cricketisbyfarthemostpopularparticipatoryandspectatorsport.ItisalsoamajorsportinplacessuchasEnglandandWales,Australia,NewZealand,SouthAfrica,ZimbabweandtheEnglish-speakingCaribbean(calledtheWestIndies).

Thelengthofthegame(calledamatch)canlastsixormorehoursaday,foruptofivedaysinTestmatches(internationals)thenumerousintervalsforlunchandtea,andtherichterminologyarenotableaspectswhichcanconfusethosenotfamiliarwiththesport.

3.BritishCuisine!

Yes,wedohaveawideandvariedcuisineinBritaintoday,nomoredowesufferundertheimageofgreyboiledmeat!Afteryearsofdisparagementbyvariouscountries(especiallytheFrench)Britainnowhasanenviableculinaryreputation.InfactsomeofthegreatchefsnowcomefromBritain,Ikidyounot!

HoweverBritain'sculinaryexpertiseisnotnew!InthepastBritishcookingwasamongstthebestintheworld.MrsBeetonisstilloneoftherenownedwritersofcookerybooks,hercreationshavenowgainedinternationalpopularity,yearsafterherdeath.

TraditionalBritishcuisineissubstantial,yetsimpleandwholesome.Wehavelongbelievedinfourmealsaday.OurfarehasbeeninfluencedbythetraditionsandtastesfromdifferentpartsoftheBritishempire:teasfromCeylonandchutney,kedgeree,andmulligatawnysoupfromIndia.

4.EatingManners/Etiquette

InBritain,eventoday,peoplearejudgedbytheirtablemanners,especiallywheneatingoutorattendingformalfunctions.Therearecertainwaysyoushouldbehaveandcertainnicetiestoobserve.Thesearejustafew,frombasicmannerstosomemoreadvancednicetiesforformaloccasions.

ApopularsayingintheUKisMannersmakethman.

BasicManners

Eating

Thingsyoushoulddo:-

Ifyouareatadinnerpartywaituntilyourhost(ess)startseatingorindicatesyoushoulddoso.

Chewandswallowallthefoodinyourmouthbeforetakingmoreortakingadrink.

Soupshouldbespoonedawayfromyou.Tiltthebowlawayfromyou.

Breakbreadandrollswithyourfingersnotwithyourknife.

Breakoffasmallpieceofbread(orrollandbutterit.Donotbutterthewholesliceorhalfarollatonetime.

Youmayuseapieceofbreadonaforktosoakupsauceorgravy.Neverholdthebreadinyourfingerstodothis.

Onlyclearconsommeshouldbedrunkdirectlyfromthesoupbowl,andthenonlyifithashandles.

Youmayeatchickenandpizzawithyourfingersifyouareatabarbecue,fingerbuffetorveryinformalsetting.Otherwisealwaysuseaknifeandfork.

Thingsyoushouldnotdo:-

Neverchewwithyourmouthopen.

Nevertalkwithfoodinyourmouth.

Neverputtoomuchfoodinyourmouth.

Nevermashormixfoodonyourplate.

Donotblowonhotfoodordrink.

Donotsipfromacoffeespoonorteaspoon.

Neveruseyourfingerstopushfoodontoyourspoonorfork.

5.General-comprisesofEngland,Wales,Scotland,NorthernIreland,IsleofManandtheChannelIslands

·includes4nationalities:English(England),Welsh(Wales),Scottish(Scotland)andIrish(Ireland)

·thelargestcitiesareLondon,Birmingham,Glasgow,Liverpool,Manchester,Sheffield,Bristol,LeedsandEdinburgh

Geography–TheUKissituatedoffthenorthwestcoastofEuropeborderedbytheAtlanticoceanandfromEuropeseparatedbytheNorthSeaandtheEnglishChannel.TheIrishSeaandtheNorthChannelseparateGreatBritainfromIreland.

Size-244,820sqkm

Climate–mild&rainy(GulfStream)

Population–56millionpeople(densepopulation)

Industries–highlyindustrialised–iron&steelengineering,motorvehicles,aircraft,textil,plastic,cotton,wool,chemicals,electronics,shipbuilding,foodproducts(incl.fishing)

Mineralresources–coal,naturalgas(NorthSea),oil

Agriculture–wheat,barley,oats,potatoes,sugarbeet,milk,meat,sheep

Governmentsystem:

TheUnitedKingdom=G.B.+NorthernIrelandisaconstitutionalmonarchy,thepresentsovereignisQueenElizabethII.,shehasnopoliticalpower.

TheUKisgovernedbytheCabinet(20leadingministers+thePrimeMinister).ThesupremelegislativebodyistheParliament,thisissplitintotwohouses-ThelowerhouseisTheHouseofCommons–5years(elected).TheUpperhouseisTheHouseofLordswhichcurrentlyhashereditiaryandlifepeeragemembers,althoughthisisunderreview.

Thereisnowrittenconstitution(commonlaw,conventions)

Thereare3mainparties–Conversative(Tories)(rightwing),Labour(leftwing)andtheLiberalDemocrats(middleoftheroad)

England

Capital-London

Geography–situatedinBritain

Size-132,589sqkm

Wales

Capital-Cardiff

Geography-West,mountainsandmoorland

Size-21,588sqkm

Climate-rainy

Industry–tourism,mining,manufacturing

Other-TheoldestsonoftheEnglishMonarchisgiventhetitle“PrinceofWales”.In1999Waleswasgranteddevolution,thisallowsthemtohavetheirownelectedparliament