高中英语语法填空知识点
语法填空是高中英语试题里面的题型之一,那么你知道高中英语语法填空知识点有哪些吗?下面由我为大家整理的高中英语语法填空知识点,希望大家喜欢!
高中英语语法填空知识点 考点一:冠词:无提示词、可数名词单数之前
1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled[40]__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.
2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]________shy,nervousperfectionist.
3.theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittosmalltownsome20kilometersaway
[解题技巧]下列情况很可能:填不定冠词:
(1)________+可数名词(单数);
(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。
下列情况下很可能填:定冠词:
(1)________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指);
(2)________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指);
(3)________(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。
考点二:介词:无提示词、注意搭配问题
与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等
与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1、Inshort,Ibelievethatitis[39]________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback[34]_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.
3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.
4.Hewasverytired_______________doingthisforawholeday
考点三:代词:无提示词
作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。
指示代词(it和this),不定代词,it用作引导词,反身代词等
1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.
2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.
3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:asmile
[解题技巧]
因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当,而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查,所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时,通常填代词,包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。
考点四:连词或从句引导词:无提示词、两个主谓结构连接
1.Itwasnotlong[39]_________thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.
2.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,[39]_________MaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasappointedtoourclassroom.
3.Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.
4.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.
[解题技巧]
(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时,应填并列连词and,or,but等。
(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间,没有句号或分号,也没有连词,那空格处必定是填连接词,否则,句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构,确定是并列句(多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点,结合连接词的意义和用法,确定填具体的某个连词。
考点五:谓语动词:有提示词、与主语构成主谓结构
1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.
2.Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.
3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.
1.Doyouwanttoknowwhywe_____(move)lastyear?
2.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimbers__________.(rescue)
考点六:非谓语动词:有提示词、除谓语动词以外的动词形式
1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________(receive)thegift.2.IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(complete)therest!3.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________(include),adoredher.
4.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_________(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.
考点七:词性转换:有提示词
介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1.―Thirty-fivecents,‖shesaid[36]__________(rude).
2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.
3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______(nature)course.
4.____________(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.
考点八:形容词的级别:有提示词通常,有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时,一般要用最高级;than的前面一定要用比较级
1、Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher
2.Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.
Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid―thankyou‖inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhad
learned.Ifelt__________(lonely)thanIhadexpectedthatnight.
英语语法填空考真题演练 副词
1、常考结构:
(1)be+副词+done,如be(official)given
(2)动词+名词+副词,如wetakeshortbreaks(regular).
giveoutthatheat(slow)
(3)连词+副词+动词,如which(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.
(4)名词/代词+副词+动词,如it(actual)caughtfire
thecrowdofstrangers(sudden)became
it(regular)arranges
2、考法:形变副
3、考过的单词:actually(actual),suddenly(sudden),slowly(slow),earlier/before,officially(official),regularly(regular),gradually(gradual)
连词
(1)考法:并列连词and,or从属连词(定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句)
(2)考过的连词:
①2次考查and,如Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxious
Korea,andVietnam
②or,如:afewdaysorevenafewmonths
③4次考查定语从句连词,如
showinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter
Confucius,wholivedfromroughly551to479B.C.
theLiRiverthat/whicharepicturedby
ahabitthat/whichisdriving
④how+副词或形容词,如figuredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobe
⑤as形容词/副词as,如:beasproductiveaspossiblebeforelunch.
随着或当时,如As/Whenthepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpieces
动词
(1)考法:涉及主谓一致、时态、语态、非谓语。简称一致二态三非
(2)考过的动词:其中提示词be出现5次,make出现2次,use出现2次。
①动词原形,如make(make)sureitsarelief
②第三人称单数,如:Thiscyclegoes(go)dayafterday.
③过去式,如:whenIarrived(arrive)inYangshuo
Aboyonabikecaught(catch)myattention.
④Be动词考查,如:
Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrowis(be)oftenacceptable.
Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsandwere(be)tooviolent
Itwas(be)unimaginable
Yangshuois(be)reallybeautiful.
⑤被动语态:如Iwasallowed(allow)togetupcloseto
Trulyelegantchopsticksmightbemade(make)of
⑥现在分词:主要位于介词或后接doing的动词之后,如willincludeintroducing(introduce)Britishvisitors
Still,theboykeptriding(ride).
Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,using(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.
withoutusing(use)electricequipment
worriedaboutbeing(be)lateforschool.
forpeopleliving(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.
⑦过去分词作后置定语。如:
IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted(permit)
Astudyoftravelersconducted(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuo
Theadobedwellings(土坯房)built(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmired
⑧不定式,表目的或用于固定结构中(Ittookyearsofworktodo;refusetodo,be+形容词+todo,belikelytodo),如:
youllbelesslikelytobring(bring)yourworkhome.
Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetaltocreate(create)specialdesigns.
arenowcoldenoughtocool(cool)thehouse
Ittookyearsofworktoreduce(reduce)theindustrialpollution
butherefusedtostop(stop)
⑨助动词用于疑问句,如Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?
名词(2014年全国II卷没考)
(1)名词考查结构:
①冠词(the)+名词+动词(be);
②形容词性物主代词(their)/形容词(top/many/few/recent)+名词;
③冠词(the)+名词+介词(of);
④介词(of)+名词:
(2)考查方式及考过单词:
①名词单数变复数【changes(change),paintings(painting),studies(study)】
②动词变名词单数【achievement(achieve),development(develop),attraction(attract)】
③形容词变名词【ability(able)】
形容词(2015年全国I卷,2016全国I卷、II卷没考)
(1)主要考查:形容词作定语修饰名词,形容词作表语
(2)形容词考查结构及考过的单词:
①比较级,如greater(great)andlessimportance.
iscleaner(clean)thanever.
②名词变形容词:
如:natural(nature)architects
Justbepatient(patience).
③分词作形容词【过去分词(修饰人)作表语、现在分词(修饰物)作定语】,如:
amazing(amaze)stories
someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed(disappoint)
介词(2014年全国I卷没考)
(1)主要是考查固定搭配,其中to出现了2次
to(nextto,gobackto)
by(bybus)
at(atthesametime)
on(focuson)
with(eatwithhands)
冠词(2014年全国II卷,2015年全国I卷,2016年全国III卷没考)
(1)the出现3次:the(2次后接most,1次后接other)
(2)a(forawhile)
代词(2014年全国I卷,2015年全国II卷,2016年全国II卷,2016年全国III卷没考)
(1)its出现2次:
作定语如its(it)mother
withits(it)chokingsmog
(2)作表语如:Ohdear!Itsme/mine(I).
高中英语语法填空解题方法 冠词
名词前设空必须假设是否填入冠词,可翻译成这,那,这些符合逻辑的,尽量回避this,that,these等。应该填冠词。固定搭配除外。还有序数词,形容词最高级前更要注意填冠词。
名词
名词复数。
1.前面有很多数量词时,oneof,many,several,afew,both,dozensof等,必须用复数。
2.谓语动词是复数,必用复数。
3.后文出现they之类的复数名词暗示。
4.可数名词无限定词修饰。用复数
代词
主I宾me分场合,动介之后用宾格。
名前用my,单独mine,主宾相同要反身。
形容词,副词
比较级形式要看清楚,动词用副词修饰。副词可在动词前也可以在后。
只能接原级:
very,quite,pretty,too,enough,so,as,more,less,most
介词
介词固定搭配比较多。后出现动词动词改用动名词形式。后出现人称代词应该写成宾格形式。
动词
时态,语态,单复数,语气四方面考虑。通常要看整篇文章的时态。
主动语态被动语态分清楚,确定单复数。是情态动词吗?是要做假设吗?
介词后加动名词。注意非谓语动词。(要区别动名词和现在分词请私信!)
连词
1.利用翻译。
2.利用逻辑关系。becausesoalthoughbutorand
asbefore
3.利用句型,短语,固定搭配
neithernoreitheror等
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