大学英语写作技巧与诀窍
上到大学之后,我们的英语也会更进一步,伴随着英语水平的提升,写作也会提高。下面是我给大家整理的大学英语写作技巧与诀窍,供大家参阅!
大学英语写作技巧 英文写作是大学生在英语考试中最薄弱的一环。很多同学花了大量的时间和精力,却很难在这一项上有所突破。比方说天天用一个小时来练习浏览,一段时间以后,浏览的速度和正确度都会有比较明显的进步;但是天天用一个小时来写作,可能每次写的作文质量不会有太大的差异。可以说在写作上的练习是一项投入产出比较低的工作。事实上写作也有一定的技能,这些技能不被人所留意,缘由在于:写作的技能很大程度上不能从分析考试题目本身来得出,需要通过对大量英文文章的学习和总结得来,即工夫在题外。笔者在英语写作中有几点心得。
一、要善于模仿
对大多数学习英语的同学来讲,英语的辞汇量、句式的积累还极其有限,远不能到达用英文流畅表达,挥洒自若的地步。在这一阶段进行创作是分歧时宜的,假如非要创造,只能写出longtimenosee这样的文字来。因此模仿是这一阶段的必经途径。
谈到模仿,一些同学的办法就是背一堆范文,然后再到考场上进行一个剪切、粘贴的工作,效果可想而知。这不是真正意义上的模仿,充其量算是默写课文。如何模仿呢?
首先模仿的目标要明确。模仿的重点永久要放在一定的句式结构上,而非个别的辞汇。道理很简单:一个词,随着文章内容的变换,可能就不能用了;而句式结构是放置四海而皆准的东西,适用的范围广,学来对写作的帮助也就明显。
其次模仿的材料要隧道。像新概念英语这样的教材就提供了很多原汁原味的英语表达法。盲目选择文章学习,记一些不中不洋的句子,以谣传讹,浪费时间。
最后模仿要体现在实际动笔上。比如说新概念第三册有一个句式说:&forthe***reasonthat&表示某种现象的缘由是甚么,用在大学英语考试中,我们就可以够拿来解释为甚么自行车在中国如此的流行,表达为:ThebicycleisverypopularinChinaforthe***reasonthat&。但是很多同学经常背了这些句式不用,一谈到缘由依然是&because&,等等。
二、要灵活变通
在批改英语作文的进程中,经常能发现一些将中文僵硬地翻译成英文的表达法。由于中英文之间的差异和辞汇量、表达法积累的不足,出现难于表达的情况是十分正常的。关键题目在于如何处理。有一句话叫做立志如山,行道如水,套用在这个题目上就很合适。写英文作文一定要有决心把它写好,有信心把意思表达清楚,这是立志如山;但关键是碰到题目时要有个灵活的态度,能像流水一样变通解决题目。
有个翻译界的故事说:在某大型国际会议的接待会上,一道菜是用鸡蛋做的。与会的客人问翻译:Whatisitmadeof?本来是非常简单的一个题目,结果翻译太紧张,忘了egg这个词,但是他急中生智,回答:ItismadeofMissHensson.这里,就是一个灵活变通的范例。绕道表达是写作中应当经常应用的一种方法。
大学英语写作技巧与诀窍:常用句式 一.论说文写作开头常用句式:
1.Withthegrowingpopularityof(computers/privatecars/classicalmusic/tennis)inChina
2.Withtherapidgrowthof(marketeconomy/population/privateenterprises/electronicsindustry),(supermarkets/bicycles/computers)havebecomemoreandmorepopular.Thereasonsforthepopularityare
3.Withthedevelopmentof(scienceandtechnology/higheducation/womenliberationmovement),agreatnumberofpeoplecometorealizethat
4.Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(illegalpublication/drugabuse/drunkdriving/highschooldropouts)
5.Currently,thereisaseriousconcernthat(manystateownedcompaniesareindeficit/quiteafewChinesecitiesfacetheproblemsofwatershortageandindustrialpollution.)
6.Thegovernmentis/Wearegreatlyconcernedwith(overpopulation/highunemploymentrate)
7.Inthelasttwodecades/Inthepasttenyears,millionsoffastfoodrestaurants/supermarkets/beautysalons)havemushroomedalloverChina.
8.Inrecentyears,manyChinesefamilieshaveowned(cars/computers/telephones).
9.Nowadays,aheateddebate/discussionaboutisunderwayinChina.Somepeoplebelievethat,whereasothersarguethat..
10.Therearesomereasonsforowning(privatecars,personalcomputers.)Tobeginwith,Next,Last,Thereare,ontheotherhand,manyreasonsagainstit.First,Second,Finally
11.Therearemanyadvantagesanddisadvantagesin(owningaprivatecar)Wecanovercomeitsdisadvantagesandfullyuse/developitsadvantages
12.Nowanincreasingnumberofpeoplehavecometorealizethat
13.Thereisnodoubtthat
14.Therearesomebasicdifferencesbetween(thelargeandsmallenterprises).(InasmallenterpriseyouInalargeenterpriseyou)
15.Someonehasputforwardasuggestionthat,whichseemsafascinatingidea.
16.Therearevarious/atleastthree(ways/methods/possibletechniques/problems,etc.)todosomething
17.(Smoking/Alcoholicbeverages)shouldbebannedfromcollegecampusesfortworeasons.ThefirstreasonisthatThesecondreasonisthat(Ontheonehand,Ontheotherhand,)
18.Thepossiblesolutionof(theenergycrisis/waterpollution,etc.)dependsonthreemajorfactors
19.Twomajorreasonsresponsiblefortherapideconomicgrowththefantasticspurtoftechnologyare)
20.DifferentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsSomeareinfavorofwhileothersareagainst
二.论说文写作结尾常用句式:
1.Itishopedthatweshouldplacemuchemphasison/paymoreattentionto
2.Inconclusion,wecanseethat(thebestway/thepossiblesolution)is
3.Inshort,shortageofwater,decreaseoffertilefieldsandenvironmentalpollutionarethemajorproblemstobesolvedtoincreasegrainproduction.
4.Inordertomakeourworldabetterplaceinwhichtolive,weshouldmakegreateffortsto
5.Inaword,therearethreesuggestionswemustfollow.Onlyinthiswaycanwedotheexperimentsuccessfully.
6.Itistimeforustotakeanactivepartin
7.Letusworkhandinhandto(solvethesesocialproblems).
8.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat
9.Iwanttobeateacher/todosomethingnotonlybecause,butalsobecause(partlybecause,andpartlybecause)
10.Whoistosaythat(youwillnotbethevictimoffakeproductagainandagain/outscientistsmaynotworkoutabettertheory)?
(三)列举事例常用句式:
1.Therearemany(quiteafew)examplestoshow
2.Thereisenough(sufficient,much,convincing)evidenceshowing(supporting,indicating;toshow,tosupport,toindicate;infavoroftheopinion)that
3.Itwontbedifficult(iseasy)toshow(toprove,todemonstrate)that
4.Totakeasanexample
5.canbeshown(indicated,suggested,supported)bythefollowingexamples(instances,evidence)
6.theabovestoryillustrates
7.Ananalysisoftheabove-mentionedcasesmaybeusefullyexplaining(showing,proving)
(四)引用或评论数据时常用句式:
1.Thetable(chart,graph,bar,figure)shows(presents,summarizes)data(results,statistics)about
2.Thedata(statistics)presentedinthetable(obtainedfromrecentstudies)are(seem)ratherconvincing(veryimportant,quiteinteresting,fairlyclear,fascinating).
3.Allthesestatistics(data)clearlyshow(stronglyprove,pointtothefact,seemtosuggest)that
4.Theresults(findings,data,statistics)citedaboveprove(support,bearout,confirm,leadusto)theconclusionthat
5.Theabovefindings(statistics,data)canbe(couldbe)interpretedasfollows(viewedintermsof,approachedfromadifferentangle).
6.Fromtheabovedata(onthebasisofthesefindings),wecanconclude(say,see)that
7.Abriefreviewofthedata(statistics,results)helpsusto(enables
usto,leadsusto)
8.Iftheresultsofarecomparedwiththoseof,itwillbeobservedthat
(五)比较对照常用句式:
1.Therearesome(afew,many)strikingsimilarities(obviousdifferences)between
2.Letusmakeacomparison(contrast)between
3.Wecaneasilycomparewith,andseethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthem.
4.differsfrom(isdifferentfrom)..
5.hassomething(nothing,little,much,manyfeatures)incommonwith
6.havecertain(some,many)advantagesover(Comparedwith)
7.Oneof(another)advantageofliesin(is,seemstobe)that
大学英语写作技巧与诀窍:常用句型 I.对立法
引出人们对问题的不同看法,然后提出自己的见解。对立法的句型多用于有争议性的主题。
1.Whenaskedabout..,thevastmajority
of/most/many/quiteafewpeoplethinkthat。Butotherpeopleregard/thinkofas。/Ithinkquitedifferently.
Example:Whenaskedaboutwhatkindofcareertheywillpursueupongraduation,mostofcollegestudentssaythattheywouldchooseajobwhichwillbringthemalotofmoneyandacomfortablelife.Workinginabigbankorcompanyiswhattheydesire.ButIthinkquitedifferently.Iwouldpreferacareerwhichwillhelprealizemypotentials(发挥我的才能).
2.Whenitcomesto,somepeoplethink/believethat。Othersargue/claimthattheoppositeistrue.
Example:WhenitcomestointernationalsportsuchastheOlympicGamesandtheWorldCupsoccergame,somepeoplebelievethatitcreatesgoodwillbetweennations.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:internationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.
3.Thereisapubicdebate/generaldiscussionabout/astotheproblemof..。Thosewhoobjectto/opposearguethat。Butpeoplewhoadvocate/favor,ontheotherhand,maintain/assertthat。
4.Now,itiscommonlybelieved/widely(generally)accepted/universallyacknowledgedthat.。
II.现象法
1.Recently,theproblem/phenomenonof.hasdrawnpublic/world-wideattention
has
caused/arousedpublic/wideconcern
hasbeenbroughtintofocus
has
becomethefocusofpublicconcern.
III.观点法
1.Nowadays,agrowing/anincreasingnumberofpeoplearecomingtorealize/understand/beawarethat.
[[写作总体的特点:①汉语多主动,英语多被动②汉语重意合,英语重形合③汉语多后重心,英语多前重心eg.让意识到是非常重要的。Itisnecessaryto
makepeopleawareoftheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.④汉语论述较主观,英语论述较客观。明确表达自己的立场,没太大问题;但要注意避免:1)明确个人立场后,没有客观的论证作支持2)大篇幅列举亲身经历和感受以支持论点。一般而言不宜选
用作者本人的例子,除非例子极为典型,即使引用,最多也不要超过3句话。
1.开头(引出话题)
1.①最近,问题已引起人们的关
注.Recently,theproblemofhasarousedpeoplesconcern.
Nowadays,today,recently,inrecentyears,inthepastdecades,
moreandmorepeople/agrowing(anincreasing)numberofpeopleareconcernedabout.
②随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为
Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology/as
societydevelops,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat③很多人坚持认
为Manypeopleinsistthatbelieve/hold/argue/claim/maintainthat
(用于引出话题)Therehassprungupaheated
discussionasto
Therehasbeenaheateddiscussin/ahotdebateoverwhetherAismoreimportantthanB.
WhenitcomestoThisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout.
Recently,.hasbecomethefocusofpublicconcern./theproblemofhasarousedpeoplesconcern.
(用于列举事物)From..to/Rangingfromto]]
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