高中的定语从句

　　定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。下面要为大家分享的就是高中的定语从句，希望你会喜欢！

　　高中英语定语从句知识点

　　(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

　　1、关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as

　　2、关系副词:when,where,why

　　关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

　　e.g.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

　　ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

　　3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。

　　(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

　　1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

　　e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)

　　2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

　　e.g.Tom'sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

　　(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

　　1、that与which的区别。

　　1)用that而不用which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

　　e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

　　ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

　　ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

　　MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

　　2)用which而不用that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词+关系代词。

　　e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格,这使他的'父亲很生气。

　　Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

　　3)as引导定语从句时的用法

　　①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。

　　e.g.Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend's.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

　　SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

　　②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。

　　e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

　　3)as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

　　①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

　　e.g.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.

　　Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.

　　②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。

　　e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn'tlikeatall.

　　2.关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

　　e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

　　ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.

　　3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

　　e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan'tunderstand.

　　4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用介词+which来代替。

　　e.g.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

　　5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

　　e.g.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.

　　6.介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who,且可省略。

　　e.g.Theman(whom/who/that)youweretalkingabouthascometoschool.

　　高中英语定语从句习题

　　一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:

　　1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.

　　2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.

　　3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.

　　4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon'tstudyhard.

　　5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.

　　6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.

　　7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.

　　8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.

　　9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.

　　10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.

　　11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.

　　12.That'sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.

　　13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.

　　14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven'tbeenhandedin.

　　15.Isthatthewoman?Herdaughterisinmyclass.

　　16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.

　　17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.

　　18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.

　　19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.

　　20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.

　　二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

　　1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.

　　2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.

　　3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.

　　4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.

　　5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.

　　6.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,________________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.

　　三、选择填空:

　　1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.

　　A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when

　　2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.

　　A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

　　3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.

　　A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as

　　4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?

　　A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

　　5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.

　　A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as

　　6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.

　　A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when

　　7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?

　　A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who

　　8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?

　　A.whoB./C.thatD.when

　　9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.

　　A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho

　　10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather'sneighbour.

　　A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which

　　11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.

　　A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking

　　C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking

　　12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.

　　A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed

　　13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.

　　A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who

　　14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.

　　A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which

　　15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?

　　A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose

　　16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.

　　A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all

　　17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.

　　A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose

　　18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.

　　A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as

　　19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.

　　A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone

　　20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.

　　A.whereB./C.whenD.what

　　21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.

　　A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich

　　22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.

　　A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./

　　23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.

　　A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which

　　24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?

　　A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose

　　25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.

　　A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom

　　26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

　　A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where

　　27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?

　　A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./

　　28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?

　　A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which

　　29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.

　　A.itB.whichC.thatD.he

　　30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.

　　A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.thattherewereD.wheretherewere

　　31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.

　　A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.inthat

　　32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?----The____mostistennis.

　　A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylikeC.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeit

　　33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad.

　　A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich

　　34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge.

　　A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

　　35.Don'tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.

　　A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where

　　36.I'vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.

　　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

　　37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected.

　　A.whichB.asC.thatD.it

　　38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.

　　A.WhatB.AsC.ThatD.Which

　　39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ.

　　A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who

　　40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell.

　　A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofwhichD.allofwhich

　　41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind?

　　A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.ofwhich

　　42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn'tworkinghardenough.

　　A.whichB.whatC.itD.that

　　43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle.

　　A.followingB.followedC.tofollowD.thatfollowed

　　44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.

　　A.ItB.WhichC.AsD.That

　　45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected.

　　A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthatC.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhat

　　46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser.

　　A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what

　　47.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespect____youshowme.

　　A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what

　　48.Heisabsent____isoftenthecase.

　　A.whatB.whichC.whoD.as

　　49.Itisthefirsttime____Ihavecometoyourcity.

　　A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

　　50.Who____hasthesameideaasitwilldoitinthisway.

　　A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which

　　51.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,____hasagreateffectonmylife.

　　A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who

　　52.Thisistheonlybook____Icanfind.

　　A.thatB.whichC.itD.withwhich

　　53.Idon'tlike____youspeaktoher.

　　A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich

　　54.Thatisoneofthosebooksthat____worthreading.

　　A.isB.areC.hasD.have

　　55.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhosehandwriting____thebest.

　　A.isB.areC.hasD.have

　　56.Therewas____topreventtheaccident.

　　A.somethingcoulddoB.anythingwecoulddo

　　C.nothingwecouldn'tdoD.nothingwecoulddo