初中英语考点

（加“*”号的项目只要求理解）

1.词类：1）名词2）形容词3）副词4）动词

5）代词6）冠词7）数词8）介词

9）连词10）感叹词

*2.构词法：

1）合成法classroom,something,reading-room

2）派生法worker,drawing,quickly,careful,kindness,

cloudy,unhappy

3）转化法hand（n.）—hand（v.）

dry（adj.）—dry（v.）

3.名词

1）可数名词和不可数名词

2）名词的复数

3）专有名词

4）所有格

4.代词

1）人称代词的主格和宾格形式

2）物主代词的形容词与名词性形式

3）反身代词myself,himself,ourselves,etc.

4）指示代词this,that,these,those

5）不定代词some,any,no,etc.

6）疑问代词what,who,whose,which,etc.

5.数词基数词和序数词

6.介词词汇表中所列介词的基本用法

7.连词词汇表中所列连词的基本用法

8.形容词

1）作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法

2）比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级）的基本用法

（1）构成-er,-est;more,themost

（2）基本句型

as＋原级形式＋as...

notas（so）＋原级形式＋as...

比较级形式＋than...

the＋最高级形式＋...in（of）...

9.副词

1）表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法

2）疑问副词when,where,how

3）比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级）

（1）构成-er,-est;more,themost

（2）基本句型

as＋原级形式＋as...

notas（so）＋原级形式＋as...

比较级形式＋than...

the＋最高级形式＋...in（of）...

*10.冠词一般用法

11.动词

＊1）动词种类

（1）行为动词或实义动词

1及物动词

2不及物动词

（2）连系动词be,look,turn,get,become,etc.

（3）助动词be,do,have,shall,will,etc.

（4）情态动词can,may,must,need,etc.

2）时态

（1）一般现在时

Igetupatsixo'clockeverymorning.

Hedoesn'tspeakRussian.

Theyareverybusy.

Themoonmovesroundtheearth.

Whenyouseehim,tellhimtocometomyplace.

I'llgotoseeyoutonightifI'mfree.

（2）一般过去时

IwasinGradeOnelastyear.

Igotupatfiveyesterday.

（3）一般将来时

1.shall（will）＋动词原形

Ishall（will）gotoyourschooltomorrowafternoon.

Shewillbeheretomorrow.

2.begoingto＋动词原形

I'mgoingtohelphim.

（4）现在进行时

We'rereadingthetextnow.

They'rewaitingforabus.

（5）现在完成时

Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.

Theyhavelivedherefortenyears.

*（6）过去进行时

Wewerehavingameetingthistimeyesterday.

TheteacherwastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.

*（7）过去完成时

WehadlearnedfourEnglishsongsbytheendoflastyear.

ThefilmhadalreadybegunwhenIgottothecinema.

ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceheleftBeijing.

*（8）过去将来时

Hesaidhewouldgotothecinemathatevening.

BettysaidshewasgoingtovisitherunclenextSunday.

3）被动语态

（1）一般现在时的被动语态

Englishistaughtinthatschool.

（2）一般过去时的被动语态

Thesongwaswrittenbythatworker.

（3）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态

Shemustbesenttohospitalatonce.

4）动词不定式

*（1）作主语

Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.

Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.

（2）作宾语

Theybegantoread.

（3）作宾语补足语

Jimaskedmetohelphimwithhislessons.

Weoftenheardhersing.

*（4）作定语

Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.

（5）作状语

Shewenttoseehergrandmayesterday.

（6）用在how,when,where,what,which等之后

Idon'tknowhowtouseacomputer.

Doyouknowwhentostart?

Hedidn'tknowwhattodonext.

12.句子种类

1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式）

2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）

3）祈使句（肯定式和否定式）

*4）感叹句

＊13.句子成份

1）主语

Bettylikeshernewbike.

Hegetsupearlyeveryday.

Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.

2）谓语

Weworkhard.

Theboycaughtabird.

Heismybrother.

Theyalllookfine.

3）表语

Hersisterisanurse.

It'sme.

I'mready.

Hegotangry.

Wewereathomelastnight.

Hiscupisbroken.

4）宾语

Tomboughtastory-book.

Isawhimyesterday.

Hewantedtohaveacupoftea.

5）直接宾语和间接宾语

Hegavemesomeink.

Ourteachertoldusaninterestingstory.

6）宾语补足语

CallherXiaoLi.

Youmustkeeptheroomclean.

Johnaskedmetohelphim.

7）定语

Thisisagreenjeep.

Thisisanappletree.

Arethesestudentsyourclassmates?

Winteristhecoldestseasonoftheyear.

Ihavesomethingtotellyou.

8）状语

Youarequiteright.

ShewillarriveinBeijingonMonday.

Hestoppedtohavealook.

14.简单句的五种基本句型

第一种主语＋连系动词＋表语（S＋V＋P）

Thebikeisnew.

Themapisonthewall.

第二种主语＋不及物动词（S＋V）

Heswims.

第三种主语＋及物动词＋宾语（S＋V＋O）

Childrenoftensingthissong.

第四种主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（S＋V＋IO＋DO）

Sheshowedherfriendsallherpictures.

第五种主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语（S＋V＋O＋C）

Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

15.并列句Helikesmaths,butheneedshelp.

Ihelphimandhehelpsme.

16.复合句

1）宾语从句

Hesaid（that）hefeltsick.

Idon'tknowwhether（if）shestillworksinthefactory.

ItakebackwhatIsaid.

Ican'ttellwhoisthere.

CanyoutellmewheretheSummerPalaceis?

2）状语从句

ThetrainhadleftwhenIgottothestation.

I'llgowithyoutothecinemathisafternoonifI'mfree.

Thestudentswenttothefarmbecausethefarmersneededsomehelp.

Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.

Hewassotiredthathecouldn'twalkon.

*Jackworkedhardsothathemightgetagoodjob.

DoctorWangwenttothehospitalthoughitrainedheavily.

*3）定语从句

Findthegirlwhoiswearingaredskirt.

Showmethepicturethatyoulikebest.

Colourthebirdswhich（that）areflying.