初中英语阅读理解及答案解析

　　卖雨伞的老人

　　Yesterdayevening,whenIwenttotownwithmymother,wemetastrangeoldman.Itwasraininghardandwehadnoumbrella(伞).Weweretryingtogetintoataxiwhenhecameuptous.Hewascarryinganiceumbrellaandhesaidthathewouldgiveittousforonlyapound.Hehadforgottenhiswallet,hesaid,neededtaxi-fare(出租汽车费)togobackhome.Mymotherdidntbelievewhathehadsaidatfirst,andaskedhimalotofquestions.Buttheoldmandidntgetintoataxi.Wefollowed(跟随)himandfoundhewentintoapub(小酒店)andboughthimselfaglassofwhiskey(威士忌)withthepound.Afterhedrankit,heputonhishatandtookuponeofthemanywetumbrellasthereandwentoffwiththenewone.Soonafterthat,hesolditagain.

　　1.Theoldmansoldanumbrellatothewriterandhermother.

　　2.Hegaveittothemforonlyapoundbecausehehadforgottenhiswalletandneededtaxifaretogobackhome.

　　3.Theumbrellawasworthmorethanonepound.

　　4.Theoldmansoldhisownumbrella.

　　5.Hewasanhonestman.

　　参考答案与解析：

　　1.A推理判断题。虽然文中不可直接找到答案，但由后文的boughthimselfaglassofwhiskey(威士忌)withthepound.中pound前用的是the(那)和hesolditagain中的again(又)可推断出，作者和他母亲买了那个老人的伞。

　　2.B事实细节题。由文中所述这个老人收钱后并没乘taxi回家，而是去pub喝酒可知。

　　3.A推理判断题。他要将伞卖给作者时说foronlyapound中的only可以推断，那把伞不只值1英镑。

　　4.B推理判断题。这个老头先卖给了作者一把伞，可是他喝酒后又tookuponeofthemanywetumbrellasthere，并将其很快卖掉，由此推断卖的并不是他自己的伞，而是别人的伞。

　　5.B推理判断题。这个老人原来说卖伞乘taxi回家，事实上是上pub喝酒，后来又拿别的'雨伞去卖掉，由此可推断他是不诚实的

　　为儿童制定法律的益处

　　Ingeneral，lawsforchildrenareagoodthing.

　　Onehundredyearsagoinindustrialcountries,childrenworked18hoursadayinafactoryatageseven.Thefactoryownercouldbeatachildwhofellasleeporwasnotfastenough.Bothparentsandteacherscoulddothesame.

　　Today,therearemanylawsaboutchildrenallovertheworld.Somepeoplethinkchildrenmustobeyrulesortheyshouldbepunished，othersdonotagree.TheInuitsorEskimosinAlaskaalmostneverpunishtheirchildren.Theparentsdonthitthem.Ifthechildrengotoofar，theparentspunishthembymakingfunofthem.

　　ChildreninotherpartsoftheworldarenotasluckyasEskimochildren.Americanparentscanspank(打臀部)theirchildrenathome，butateachercannothitachildinapublicschool.ThisisalsotrueinGermany.Incontrast(对比),itisagainstthelawforanyonetohitachildinSweden.Swedishparentscannotspanktheirchildren.Thechildrenalsohaveaspecialgovernmentofficialwhoworksfortheirrights.Thereisevenaplanforchildrentodivorcefromtheirparentsthoughthisisnotalawyet!

　　根据短文内容回答下列各问题。

　　16.Howwerechildrentreatedinindustrialcountries100yearsago?

　　________________________________________.

　　17.Whatdoestheauthormeanbygotoofar?

　　________________________________________.

　　18.CanateacherinGermanyhithisstudentsinpublicschool?

　　________________________________________.

　　19.WhatkindofpeoplecanbeatchildreninSweden?

　　__________________________________________.

　　20.Whatdoesitmeanbyaplanforchildrentodivorcefromtheirparents?

　　_________________________________________.

　　参考答案与解析：

　　【文章大意】通常而言，为儿童制定法律是件好事。100多年前，在工业国家，7岁大的孩子在工厂一天要工作18小时，工厂的老板可以打小孩，家长和老师们也可以这样做。今天世界上有很多保护儿童的法律。有些人认为儿童应该遵纪守法，否则就要受到惩罚。其他人则不同，爱斯基摩人从不惩罚儿童。如果孩子们做得太过份了，父母亲用开玩笑的方式来惩罚他们。在其他地方则不同，美国的家长可以在家打孩子的屁股，但老师不能在学校打学生。德国跟美国一样。但在瑞士任何人都不能打孩子，并有专门的政府部门来维护孩子们的权利。

　　16.Theyweretreatedverybadly.

　　17.Dosomethingtoomuch.

　　18.No,hecant.

　　19.Nonecandothat.

　　20.Aplanforendingthechildrensrelationshipwiththeirparents.

　　怎么交朋友

　　Itshardtomakefriendsifyoustayathomealoneallthetime.Getoutofthehouseanddothingsthatwillputyouintouchwith(接触)otherpeople.It'seasiertomakefriendswhenyouhavesimilarinterests.

　　Don'tbeafraidtoshowpeoplewhatyourereallygoodat.Talkaboutthethingsyoulikeanddobest.Peoplewillbeinterestedinyouifthereissomethinginterestingaboutyou.

　　Lookatpeopleintheeyewhenyoutalktothem.Thatway,they'llfinditeasiertotalktoyou,orpeoplemaythinkyou'renotinterestedinthemandmaystopbeinginterestedinyou.

　　Beagoodlistener.Letpeopletalkaboutthemselvesbeforetalkingaboutme,me,me.Asklotsofquestions.Showaninterestintheiranswers.

　　Trytomakefriendswiththekindofpeopleyoureallylike,respect(尊敬),andadmire(羡慕)notjustwiththosewhoareeasytomeet.Befriendlywithalotofpeople.Thatway,you'llhaveabiggergroupofpeopletochoosefromandhavemorechancesformakingfriends.

　　1.Howcanwehavemorefriends,getintouchwithotherpeopleorstayathome?

　　2.WhenJimtalkstopeople,healwayslooksright,left,oratthefloor.Doyouthinkit'sright?Whyorwhynot?

　　3.Cindyalwaystalksaboutherselfwhenshetalkstootherpeople.Whatadvice(it'80doyouthinksheneedstofollow?

　　4.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttohavemorechancesformakingfriends?

　　5.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

　　参考答案与解析：

　　1.Getintouchwithotherpeople.回答选择问句不能用Yes或No来回答，而是从选项中选择一项进行回答。本题答案由第1段前两句可知。

　　2.No./Idon'tthinkso.Becausepeoplemaythinkhe'snotinterestedinthem./Becauseheshouldlookatpeopleintheeye./Becauseit'simpolite/notpolite可在第3段找到答案。

　　3.Beagoodlistener./Letpeopletalkaboutthemselvesbeforetalkingabouther,her,her./Listentootherpeoplefirst可根据第4段的内容来回答。

　　4.Befriendlywithother(alotof)people./Trytomakefriendswiththekindofpeopleyoureallylike,respectandadmirenotjustwiththosewhoareeasytomeet./Getouttomeetotherpeople.

　　5.Howtomakefriends/Tomakefriends/Makefriends./Makingfriends根据首尾段即可概括出