初中英语语法梳理和提高17动词的语态讲解试题
动词的语态
知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(TheActiveVoice)和被动语态(ThePassiveVoice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,例如:
ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)
1、被动语态的构成
被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下:
肯定句:主语+be+过去分词+(by…)eg.Heisoftenaskedtodothiswork(byhisboss).
否定句:主语+benot+过去分词+(by…)eg.Iamnotinvitedtotheparty(byhim).
一般疑问句:Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?eg.Areyourclotheswashedbyyourself?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?eg.Whatisthissweatermadeof?
现以动词give为例,其被动语态的各种时态如下:
式
时
一般
进行
完成
现在
Am/is/are+given
Am/is/are+being+given
Have/has+been+given
过去
Was/were+given
Was/were+being+given
Had+been+given
将来
Shall/will+given
Shall/will+be+given
Should/would+be+given
含情态词的
Can/may/must+be+given
3、被动语态的用法:
1)当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。例如:
Thisjacketismadeofcotton.
Englishisspokeninmanycountriesintheworld.
2)强调动作的承受者时。如:Theboywassavedatlast.这个男孩最后得救了。
3)主动语态变被动语态的步骤:
主动句:Theboybrokethewindowyesterday.
被动句:Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboyyesterday.
步骤一:原句中的宾语thewindow变成主语。
步骤二:谓语动词broke改为被动形式:wasbroken
步骤三:原句中的主语Theboy放在介词by的后面。
步骤四:其他成分如:yesterday不变。
5)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态:
A.可有两种被动语态的常用动词有:buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,teach,tell,show,等。
1.Hegavemethebookjustnow.
Thebookwasgiventome(byhim)justnow.=Iwasgiventhebook(byhim)justnow.
2.Theyshowtheguardtheirpassportsattheentrancetothebuilding.
Thepassportswereshowntotheguardbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.
=Theguardwasshownthepassportsbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.
B.通常用直接宾语作被动语态主语的一些动词有:bring,do,make,pass,sell,send,sing,write,等。
1.Hewroteheraletter.
Aletterwaswrittentoher.
Mymothermademeaskirt.
Askirtwasmade(forme)bymymother.
练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
一、选择填空
1.Thequestion______byussoon.
A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscuss
C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed
2.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.
A.mustlookafterB.mustbetakencare
C.mustbelookedafterD.musttakecareof
3.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet.
A.havelookedB.haven'tlooked
C.havebeenlookedD.haven'tbeenlooked
4.Therewasnoroomforyou.Alltheseats______.
A.aretakenB.wastakenC.hadtakenD.hadbeentaken
5.Amodelship______hissonbyMrMore.
A.wasmadeforB.wasmadetoC.madeforD.makesfor
6.----Dad,pleaseopenthedoor,it______.
----OK,dear.Iamcoming.
A.waslockedB.locksC.islockedD.locked
7.Thiskindofsweater______verysoft.
A.isfeltB.feelsC.feelD.isfeeling
8.----Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon?
----Yes.Everystudent______aboutit.
A.toldB.hastoldC.wastoldD.tells
9.Thecake______delicious.
A.smellB.issmelledC.issmellingD.smells
10.Myfatherhas
givenupsmokingsincehe______on.
A.willoperateB.willbeoperatedC.operatedD.wasoperated
11.Anewschool______thesedays.
A.isbuildingB.isbuilt
C.wellbuildD.isbeingbuilt
12.Thecake______delicious.
A.smellB.issmelled
C.issmellingD.smells
13.I________therewouldbeafootballmatchonChannel8tomato
A.willtellB.havetoldC.wastoldD.willbetold
14.Thelibrariantoldmethatthebook______fortwoweeks.
A.canbeborrowedB.canbekeptC.couldbeborrowedD.couldbekept
15.When______thiskindofcomputer_______?
is;usedB.was;usedC.did;useD.are;used
16.Thenewcomputers_______tothevillageschoolaspresentlastmonth.
aregivenB.givenC.weregivenD.gave
17.Ireallydon'tknow_______aboutit.
A.whattodoB.howtodoC.todowhatD.howcanIdo
18.Yourshoes_______.You'dbettercometogettheminhalfanhour.
aremendingB.havemendedC.arebeingmendedD.havebeenmended
19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister______,todayhewasmade____byher.
A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry
20.When_____theaccident________?
A.was;happenedB.has;happenedC.washappebeingD.did;happen
Key:1----5CCDDA6----10CBCDD11-15BDCDB16-20CACAD
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
Someideas______(give)tocollegestudentsbyhimyesterday.
----DoyoulikethemusicMoonlight?
----Yes,it______reallybeautiful!(sound)
Hewon'tcometothepartyunlessSue______.(invite)
Thechairneeds______.(repair)
Quickisanotherwayof______fast.(say)
Thiskindofbike______inthatfactory,butyoucan'tbuyitnow.(make)
Cotton______inthecountry.(plant)
Man-madesatellites______byChinesepeople.(send)
Thiskindsofshoes______outbynow.(sell)
Theroommust______cleaneveryday.(keep)
Key:1.weregiven2.sounds3.isinvited4.repairing/toberepaired5.saying6.ismade7.isplanted8.havebeensent9.havebeensold
10.bekept
免责声明:本站发布的教育资讯(图片、视频和文字)以本站原创、转载和分享为主,文章观点不代表本网站立场。
如果本文侵犯了您的权益,请联系底部站长邮箱进行举报反馈,一经查实,我们将在第一时间处理,感谢您对本站的关注!
新励学网教育平台
海量全面 · 详细解读 · 快捷可靠
累积科普文章数:18,862,126篇