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小学英语单词:副词的用法

发表时间:2024-07-19 03:12:04 来源:网友投稿

  1.副词的用法:

  (1)修饰动词:Heworkshard.Hespeaksslowly.

  (2)修饰形容词:Theflowerisverybeautiful.

  (3)修饰其他副词:Heworksveryhard.

  (4)修饰名词:Evenachild(orEvenhe)candoit.

  (5)修饰全句:Probablyhewillcomeback.

  (6)修饰副词片语:Hecameexactlyattwooclock.

  (7)修饰副词子句:Hestartedsoonafterwecame.

  2.副词的位置

  (1)副词修饰形容词、副词(片语或子句)时,通常放在前面。

  Themountainisverybeautiful.

  Hecamelongbeforetheappointedtime.

  (2)修饰动词的副词

  不及物动词+副词Shespeakswell.

  及物动词+受词+副词ShespeaksEnglishwell.

  (3)表确定时间或场所的副词,通常放在句首或句末,放在句首时语气较强。

  ShewasborninTaipeiin1948.

  (4)always,never,often,sometimes,usually等频率副词的位置。

  (A)在一般动词前:Theyalwayssayso.

  (B)有动词be时,在be动词后:Iamalwaysbusy.

  (C)有助动词时,在助动词和本动词间:Thisjobwillneverbefinished.

  (5)置于句首修饰全句:Fortunatelyhesucceededintheexamination.

  (6)同类两个以上的副词须依(单位较小者+单位较大者)的顺序排列。

  HelivesatTaichung,inTaiwan,RepublicofChina.

  (7)有两个以上不同种类的副词修饰语时,其顺序为:地点+状态+次数+时间。

  Shearrivedtheresafelytheotherday.

  3.时间副词

  (1)Time时候:可以用作when的答语,如:late(=atalatetime),now(=atthistime),presently(=atthepresenttime),then(=atthattime),just,nowadays,today,etc.

  Ivejustheardthatyouareleavingus.(=atthisverymoment)

  Nowadays,manyteenagershavelonghair.(=atthepresenttime)

  注:两个以上表时间的副词须依单位小的时间+单位大的时间排列。

  IllseeyouatnineonMonday.

  (2)Duration期间:用来作howlong的答语,如:

  momentarily,temporarily,formanyweeks,long,fromMaytillAugust,etc.

  Hashebeenilllong?Yes,hehasbeenillsincetheendofMay.

  Hewasawayfromschool(for)fourorfiveweeks.

  (3)Frequency频率:用来作howoften的.答语,可分两种:

  (A)非限定频率:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,ever,etc.

  Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.Mybrotherrarelywritestome.

  (B)限定频率:daily,hourly,monthly,annually,twice,everyday,once,etc.

  IhavebeeninSingaporeonce.

  WehaveEnglishlessonseveryotherday.

  注:以上三种时间副词在一起时,其顺序为期间+频率+时间。

  Iwasthereforadayorsoeveryyearduringmychildhood.

  注:Seldom,rarely,never等有否定意义的频率副词置于句首,要将助动词或be动词放在主词之前。

  Seldomdowehearsuchfinesingingfromschoolchoirs.

  4.地方副词:表示where?的副词,也包括动态方向的副词,如:

  below,by,down,elsewhere,far,here,home,in,locally,near,off,opposite,out,around,away,back,outward(s),right,sideway(s),upward(s),etc.

  (1)地方副词通常置于句尾,加强语气时可放在句首。

  Helivesinasmallvillage.Theyarenotthere.

  (2)两个地放副词并列时,地方确定的副词在后面,地方不确定的副词在前面。

  Thechildrenrunningaroundupstairs.

  (3)两个以上的地方副词须依小地方+大地方的顺序排列。

  ManypeopleeatinrestaurantsinLondon.

  5.几个特殊副词的用法:

  (1)enough,too,

  (A)enough放在所修饰的形容词和副词后面;too放在形容词和副词前面。

  Shesoldenoughtodosomework.

  Shestoooldtodoanywork.

  (B)tooto+动词太而不能,enoughto+动词足够可以(=sothat)

  Iamtoopoortoaffordsuchextravagance.

  =IamsopoorthatIcannotaffordsuchextravagance.

  Youarerichenoughtokeepamaid.

  =Youaresorichthatyoucankeepamaid.

  (2)very,much,

  (A)very修饰形容词,副词;much(或verymuch)修饰动词。

  Hespokeverycarefully.

  Itismuchtalkedaboutthesedays.

  (B)Very修饰原级形容词及副词;much修饰比较级,最高级的形容词及副词。

  ourworkisverygood.

  Thisismuchbetter.

  Thisismuch(byfar)thebest.

  (3)already,yet,still,

  (A)Already用于肯定句,作已经解;yet用于否定句,作还解,用于疑问句作已经解。

  Ialreadylikehim.(=Ihavebythistimecometolikehim.)

  Hecantdriveyet.(=Hecantdriveuptothistime.)

  注:Already用在疑问句或否定句时,表惊讶。

  Haveyoualreadyseenhim?(=Thatwasquick.)

  (B)Still表动作或状态的持续,作仍然解。

  Istilllikehim.(=Icontinuetolikehim.)

  注:Still放在动词前后,有时句意不同。

  Heisstillstanding.(continuetostand)

  Heisstandingstill.(=standingmotionless)

  (4)only和also常随句中位置的变动,句意和语气也会改变。

  OnlyJohnphonedMarytoday.

  JohnphonedonlyMarytoday.

  JohnphonedMaryonlytoday(todayonly)。

  (5)just,merely,purely,simply等字放在所修饰的词语之前;alone则放在其后。

  YoucangetaBgradejust(merely,purely,simply)forthatanswer.

  YoucangetaBgradeforthatansweralone.

  6.副词应注意的事项:

  (1)有些字可当形容词又可当副词,例如:early;past;half;long;straight;fast;hard;quick;deep;slow;pretty;awful;wrong;right;high;late;hourly;early;weekly;etc.

  Wehadanearlybreakfast.(形容词)

  Wewentbyafasttrain.(形容词)

  Wehadbreakfastearly.(副词)

  Dontspeaksofast.(副词)

  (2)above;then;after;up;down;away;home等地方或时间副词亦可作形容词。

  Theabovestatement(=thestatementwhichisabove)

  (3)有些形容词变为副词,可在字尾加ly,也可以不加,不过在字义上不同。

  (A)easy安适地;easily容易地;

  Standeasy!

  Hesnoteasilysatisfied.

  (B)clear(=completely完全地;clearly显然地)

  Thebulletwentclearthroughthedoor.

  Thethievesgotclearlyaway.

  (C)high高;highly很;非常

  Thebirdsareflyinghigh.

  Hewashighlypraisedforhiswork.

  (D)Slow和slowly当副词时同义,但slow比slowly语气强。

  Itoldthedrivertogoslow(er)。

  Driveslowlyroundthesebendsintheroad.

  (E)hard辛苦地;hardly几乎不

  Heworkshard.(=Heisahardworker.)

  Hehardlydoesanythingnowadays.(=Hedoesverylittlenowadays.)

  (F)just刚才;仅;justly公正地

  Ivejustseenhim.

  Hewasjustlypunished.

  (G)late迟;lately(=recently)最近地

  Hewenttobedlate.

  IhaventseenMr.Greenlately.

  (H)Pretty(=fairly,moderately)十分,颇;prettily(=inaprettyway,attractively)漂亮地

  Thesituationseemsprettyhopeless.

  Shewasprettilydressed.

  (I)near接近地;nearly几乎

  Thetimefortheexaminationisdrawingnear.

  Inearlymissedmytrain.

  注:formally和formerly是分别由形容词formal正式的,former以前的加ly形成的副词。

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