出国留学托福（TOEFL）考试阅读模拟试题

大家知道现在有好多的人想要出国留学，那么对于出国留学并不是所有的人都是适合的，除了要满足留学的条件外还需要我们通过一些考试，其中的托福考试是必须的，那么对于托福考试中要想取得高分的话还是需要我们平时的努力多做练习，为了方便大家，校库网特此给大家了托福（TOEFL）考试阅读模拟试题以供大家复习参考。

jazzhasbeencalledtheartofexpressionsettomusic,andamericasgreatcontributiontomusic.ithasfunctionedaspopularartandenjoyedperiodsoffairlywidespreadpublicresponse,inthejazzageofthe1920s,intheswingeraofthelate1930sandinthepeakpopularityofmodernjazzinthelate1950s.thestandardlegendaboutjazzisthatitoriginatedaroundtheendofthe19thcenturyinneworleansandmovedupthemississippirivertomemphis,st.louis,andfinallytochicago.itweldedtogethertheelementsofragtime,marchingbandmusic,andtheblues.however,theinfluencesofwhatledtothoseearlysoundsgoesbacktotribalafricandrumbeatsandeuropeanmusicalstructures.buddybolden,aneworleansbarberandcornetplayer,isgenerallyconsideredtohavebeenthefirstrealjazzmusician,around1891.whatmadejazzsignificantlydifferentfromtheotherearlierformsofmusicwastheuseofimprovisation.jazzdisplayedabreakfromtraditionalmusicwhereacomposerwroteanentirepieceofmusiconpaper,leavingthemusicianstobreaktheirbacksplayingexactlywhatwaswrittenonthescore.inajazzpiece,however,thesongissimplyastartingpoint,orsortofskeletalguideforthejazzmusicianstoimprovisearound.actually,manyoftheearlyjazzmusicianswerebadsightreadersandsomecouldntevenreadmusicatall.generallyspeaking,theseearlymusicianscouldntmakeverymuchmoneyandwerestuckworkingmenialjobstomakealiving.thesecondwaveofneworleansjazzmusiciansincludedsuchmemorableplayersasjoeoliver,kidory,andjellyrollmorton.thesemenformedsmallbandsandtookthemusicofearliermusicians,improveditscomplexity,andgainedgreatersuccess.thismusicisknownashotjazzduetotheenormouslyfastspeedsandrhythmicdrive.ayoungcornetplayerbythenameoflouisarmstrongwasdiscoveredbyjoeoliverinneworleans.hesoongrewuptobecomeoneofthegreatestandmostsuccessfulmusiciansofalltime,andlateroneofthebiggeststarsintheworld.theimpactofarmstrongandothertalentedearlyjazzmusicianschangedthewaywelookatmusic.1.thepassageanswerswhichofthefollowingquestions?(a)whydidragtime,marchingbandmusic,andtheblueslosepopularityafterabout1900?(b)whatweretheoriginsofjazzandhowdiditdifferfromotherformsofmusic?(c)whathasbeenthegreatestcontributionofcornetplayerstomusicinthetwentiethcentury?(d)whichearlyjazzmusiciansmostinfluencedthedevelopmentofbluesmusic?2.accordingtothepassage,jazzoriginatedin(a)chicago(b)st.louis(c)alongthemississippiriver(d)neworleans3.thewordweldedinline6isclosestinmeaningto(a)squeezed(b)bound(c)added(d)stirred4.whichofthefollowingdistinguishedjazzasanewformofmusicalexpression?(a)theuseofcornets(b)hotjazz(c)improvisation(d)neworleans5.thewordskeletalinline15isclosestinmeaningto(a)framework(b)musical(c)basic(d)essentialbsp;talentedearlyjazzmusicianschangedthewaywelookatmusic.

theworkoftherailroadpioneersinamericabecamethebasisforagreatsurgeofrailroadbuildinghalfwaythroughthenineteenthcenturythatlinkedthenationtogetherasneverbefore.railroadseventuallybecamethenationsnumberonetransportationsystem,andremainedsountiltheconstructionoftheinterstatehighwaysystemhalfwaythroughthetwentiethcentury.theywereofcrucialimportanceinstimulatingeconomicexpansion,buttheirinfluencereachedbeyondtheeconomyandwaspervasiveinamericansocietyatlarge.by1804,englishaswellasamericaninventorshadexperimentedwithsteamenginesformovinglandvehicles.in1920,johnstevensranalocomotiveandcarsaroundinacirculartrackonhisnewjerseyestate,whichthepublicsawasanamusingtoy.andin1825,afteropeningashortlengthoftrack,thestocktontodarlingtonrailroadinenglandbecamethefirstlinetocarrygeneraltraffic.americanbusinesspeople,especiallythoseintheatlanticcoastalregionwholookedforbettercommunicationwiththewest,quicklybecameinterestedintheenglishexperiment.thefirstcompanyinamericatobeginactualoperationswasthebaltimoreandohio,whichopenedathirteen-milelengthoftrackin1830.itusedateamofhorsestopullatrainofpassengercarriagesandfreightwagonsalongthetrack.steamlocomotivepowerdidntcomeintoregularserviceuntiltwoyearslater.however,forthefirstdecadeormore,therewasnotyetatruerailroadsystem.eventhelongestofthelineswasrelativelyshortinthe1830s,andmostofthemservedsimplytoconnectwaterroutestoeachother,nottolinkonerailroadtoanother.evenwhentwolinesdidconnect,thetracksoftendifferedinwidth,socarsfromonelinecouldntfitontotracksofthenextline.scheduleswereunreliableandwreckswerefrequent.significantly,however,someimportantdevelopmentsduringthe1830sand1840sincludedtheintroductionofheavierironrails,moreflexibleandpowerfullocomotives,andpassengercarswereredesignedtobecomemorestable,comfortable,andlarger.bytheendof1830only23milesoftrackhadbeenlaidinthecountry.butby1936,morethan1,000milesoftrackhadbeenlaidinelevenstates,andwithinthedecade,almost3,000mileshadbeenconstructed.bythatearlyage,theunitedstateshadalreadysurpassedgreatbritaininrailroadconstruction,andparticularlyfromthemid-1860s,thelatenineteenthcenturybelongedtotherailroads.6、thewordstimulatinginline5isclosestinmeaningto(a)helping(b)changing(c)promoting(d)influencing7、thewordtheirinline6refersto(a)railroadpioneers(b)railroads(c)theinterstatehighwaysystem(d)americansociety8、whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?(a)theunitedstatesregardedgreatbritainasacompetitorindevelopingthemostefficientrailroadsystem(b)steamlocomotivepowerwasfirstusedin1832(c)americanbusinessmensawrailroadsasathreattoestablishedbusinesses(d)steamlocomotivesreplacedhorsesbecauseofthedistancesacrossthe9、countrytheauthorconcludesthatforthefirstdecadeormore,therewasnotyetatruerailroadsystembecause(a)passengercarswerenotstable,comfortableorlarge(b)locomotiveswerenotpowerfulenough(c)scheduleswereunreliableandwreckswerefrequent(d)lineswererelativelyshortandnotusuallylinked

10、thewordschedulesinline23isclosestinmeaningto:(a)safetyprocedures(b)employees(c)timetables(d)railroadtracks11、whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthe1830sand1840s(line24)(a)passengercarsbecamelarger(b)scheduleswerereliable(c)locomotivesbecamemorepowerful(d)trackswereheavier12、thewordstableinline26isclosestinmeaningto(a)fixed(b)supportive(c)reliable(d)sound13、bywhattimehadalmost3,000milesoftrackbeenlaid?(a)1830(b)1836(c)1840(d)mid-1860s14、thewordsurpassedinline29isclosestinmeaningto(a)exceeded(b)beaten(c)overtaken(d)equaled15、whereinthepassagedoestheauthoroutlinethemainconclusionsabouttheimportanceofrailroadsinamerica?(a)lines3-7(b)lines14-18(c)lines19-21(d)lines29-3116、whydoestheauthorincludedetailsaboutgreatbritaininthepassage?(a)tocomparedevelopmentsinboththeunitedstatesandgreatbritain(b)toillustratethecompetitivenessbetweenthetwocountries(c)toshowwhereamericansgottheirideasandtechnologyfrom(d)toprovideamorecompletehistoricalcontext