用英文来介绍一下上海

Shanghaiisoneofthefourdirect-controlledmunicipalitiesofChinaandthemostpopulouscityproperintheworldwithapopulationofmorethan24millionasof2014.Itisaglobalfinancialcentreandtransporthub,withtheworld'sbusiestcontainerport.LocatedintheYangtzeRiverDelta,itsitsonthesouthedgeoftheestuaryoftheYangtzeinthemiddleportionoftheEastChinacoast.ThemunicipalityborderstheprovincesofJiangsuandZhejiangtothenorth,southandwest,andisboundedtotheeastbytheEastChinaSea.

Asamajoradministrative,shippingandtradingcity,Shanghaigrewinimportanceinthe19thcenturyduetotradeandrecognitionofitsfavourableportlocationandeconomicpotential.ThecitywasoneoffivetreatyportsforcedopentoforeigntradefollowingtheBritishvictoryoverChinaintheFirstOpiumWar.Thesubsequent1842TreatyofNankingand1844TreatyofWhampoaallowedtheestablishmentoftheShanghaiInternationalSettlementandtheFrenchConcession.ThecitythenflourishedasacentreofcommercebetweenChinaandotherpartsoftheworld(predominantlyWesterncountries),andbecametheprimaryfinancialhuboftheAsia-Pacificregioninthe1930s.However,withtheCommunistPartytakeoverofthemainlandin1949,tradewaslimitedtoothersocialistcountries,andthecity'sglobalinfluencedeclined.Inthe1990s,theeconomicreformsintroducedbyDengXiaopingresultedinanintensere-developmentofthecity,aidingthereturnoffinanceandforeigninvestmenttothecity.

ShanghaihasbeendescribedastheshowpieceoftheboomingeconomyofmainlandChina;renownedforitsLujiazuiskyline,andmuseumsandhistoricbuildings,suchasthosealongTheBund,aswellastheCityGodTempleandtheYuGarden.

Shanghaihasahumidsubtropicalclimate(KöppenCfa)andexperiencesfourdistinctseasons.Wintersarechillyanddamp,withnorthwesterlywindsfromSiberiacancausenighttimetemperaturestodropbelowfreezing,althoughmostyearsthereareonlyoneortwodaysofsnowfall.Summersarehotandhumid,withanaverageof8.7daysexceeding35°C(95°F)annually;occasionaldownpoursorfreakthunderstormscanbeexpected.Thecityisalsosusceptibletotyphoonsinsummerandthebeginningofautumn,noneofwhichinrecentyearshascausedconsiderabledamage.Themostpleasantseasonsarespring,althoughchangeableandoftenrainy,andautumn,whichisgenerallysunnyanddry.Thecityaverages4.2°C(39.6°F)inJanuaryand27.9°C(82.2°F)inJuly,foranannualmeanof16.1°C(61.0°F).Withmonthlypercentpossiblesunshinerangingfrom34%inMarchto54%inAugust,thecityreceives1,895hoursofbrightsunshineannually.Extremessince1951haverangedfrom−10.1°C(14°F)on31January1977(unofficialrecordof−12.1°C(10°F)wasseton19January1893)to39.9°C(104°F)on6and8August2013.Ahighestrecordof40.9°C(106°F)wasregisteredinXujiahui,adowntownstationon21July2017.