雅思写作：表因果关系词汇总结

雅思大作文中有一类题目是因果关系类，具体包括三小类：causeandeffect、causeandsolution、problemandsolution。这三小类问题也可以穿起来，即针对某个topic的causeeffect(即problem)solution。无论哪种题目，写明因果关系很重要。关于因果关系的表达同学们都很熟悉，无非是BS(because/so)，而且大家也一定很清楚的知道BS在英语中，用了前者就不能用后者的道理。例如：

Becausefurthereducationhasbecomemoreaccessibleforawiderrangeofpeople,anincreasingnumberofpeoplehavedegrees

Furthereducationhasbecomemoreaccessibleforawiderrangeofpeople,soanincreasingnumberofpeoplehavedegrees.

但是除了BS之外，还有很多其它表示因果关系的表达，具体如下：

Because系列(表原因)：

1.becauseof:because后接的是一个句子(主谓宾);becauseof后一般直接跟名词。例如：

Becauseoftheincreasingnumberofmachineandaswenotedbefore,machinesmagnifyhumaneffortthenanyoneusingamachinecan

getahigherwagethananyonenotusingamachine.

2.as/since(除了因为外，还有自从的意思，使用时要注意避免歧义)

Hoursspentoncommuting,trafficjams,andfightsforparkingshoulddiminish,sinceworkersmakefewerjourneysorworkstaggeredhours

Unfortunately,asthenumberofpeoplelivinginthecityincreases,sodothedifferentproblemsassociatedwithpopulationgrowth.(注意此句中的so不表示所以而是也的意思)

3.thanksto(positivesituations通常适用于结果好的时候)

Thankstonewtechnology,it'seasierthanevertoworkremotely.

dueto(negativesituations通常使用与结果不好的时候)

owingto/attributableto/onaccountof

Dueto//Onaccountofextremeweatherconditions,damagetopropertyoccurs.

4.当原因需要的表达较多时，我们还可以把以上表达改写为原因状语从句，使用thankstothefactthat/duetothefactthat/owingtothefactthat或者onthegroundsthat,,,

Willwelivelongermerelyduetothefactthat/onthegroundsthattechnology,ifimplementedproperly,willtakestressawayfromourlives

5.causedby/resultfrom也表原因

Manycaraccidentswereresultedfrom/causedbyalackofguardrails

So系列(表结果)：

1.thus/therefore/thereby/hence

thus:表示inthis/thatway

Asacountrydevelops,itscitiesbecometheenginesofdevelopment,thusjobsareavailableintheseareas.

therefore:表示forthisreason/becauseofthisorthat

Therefore,theinfluenceofthepeergroupisimportantbothforonesowncompetenceandfortherelativeevaluationoftheprocessitself,giventhatoneseesoneselfinrelationtoothers.

thereby:bythatmeans,asaresultofthat

Insomecountries,reducedbudgetshaveledtotheeliminationofbusingsystems,therebyincreasingtheuseofcarsandthecongestiontheycreate.

hence:表示fromthis/that

Drinkinglotsofwaterishealthyandreducingplasticwasteisgreatfortheenvironment.Hence,trendyreusablewaterbottlesthatyoucanrefillyourselfarehealth-promoting,eco-friendly,andgreen.

2.Asaresult/Asaconsequence

Asaresult,thosepeoplewhowereindoorshadmuchlighterskin,whichmeansthatwhiterskinisnowassociatedwithhavingahigherstatusthandarkskin.

Asaconsequence,environmentalhealthmustaddressthesocietalandenvironmentalfactorsthatincreasethelikelihoodofexposureanddisease.

3.consequently/accordingly

Consequently更偏重因果逻辑;accordingly更偏重后续解决

Waterpollutionaffectsdrinkingwater,rivers,lakesandoceansallovertheworld.Thisconsequentlyharmshumanhealthandthenaturalenvironment.

Someofthelawswerecontradictory.Accordingly,measuresweretakentoclarifythem.

Cause系列(表结果)：

1.cause(v.)引起

Theamountofgarbageproducedbythepeoplealsoincreaseswhichcausessanitarylandfillstofillupfaster.

2.leadto/resultin导致

注意这里是resultin,后跟结果，前面提到的resultfrom后面跟的是原因。

Thesocietysattitudetofoodoftenleadstoover-consumption.

3.bringabout:tocausetotakeplace引起，带来(注意使用时更倾向于带来这个意思)

Theinternettechnologiesthathavebroughtaboutsomuchsocialchangewerescarcelyimaginablejustdecadesbeforetheyappeared.

4.sparkoff引发、引爆，具体指引发比较严重的后果、冲突等(=trigger/activate)，或指点燃(=inspire)

Sparkoffaseriesofproblems/achainofeventsrelatedto

Theycansparkoffeachother'stalents

affect系列(影响到)

1.Affect/influence

Morelikelythannot,gettingavehiclefrompointAtopointBinvolvescombustionofafossilfuel,aprocessthatemitsgassesandaffectstheenvironmentandtheozonelayer.

People'sbehaviorisinfluencedbycircumstancesandevents,friendsandfamily,education,jobprospects,income,housingandenvironment.

2.impacton对产生影响(impact一般做名词使用，也可以作为动词

Overthelastfewdecades,therehasbeenatremendousgrowthininformationtechnology,whichcanimpactonoureverydaylife.

3.giveriseto使发生

Thedecreaseinthenumberofbicyclesandcarsmightgiverisetoanothernewsetofproblems.

名词系列(因果)

1.cause(ofsth.)/reason原因

Obesitycanbedividedintothreemaincausesdiet,lifestyleandeducation.

Thousandsofpeoplemigratetothecitiesnotonlyforjobsbutalsoforeducationalandpersonalreasons.

2.result(forsth.)/effect结果

Thisisadifficultproblemwithmanyseriouseffectsontheindividualandcountry.

Anotherresultislackofself-esteem.

3.causality因果关系(causeandeffect)causation原因

Thecorrelationbetweenpopulationandhousingpricedoesnotindicatedcausality,onlytheassociation.这里的causality也可以换成：causaleffect(因果效应)

Suchacausality-driven,prevention-focusedapproachtohomicideandotherseriouscrimewouldrevolutionizeourconceptionofcriminaljustice,movingfromtheimpositionofjustdesertstotheenlightenedpursuitofalessviolentsociety.

4.impact/influence影响

Thisareaisoftenoverlookedbuthasatremendousimpactonyourlife

Friendshaveabiginfluenceonthewaythatweusesocialmediafromunwrittenrulestobuyingdecisionsandsomuchmore.

形容词系列(因果)表示因果的形容词不是很常用，使用时多和factor,element结合

1.causal原因的，因果的

Lowincomeandelderlyareamongthepotentialcausalfactorsofprevalenceofobesityamongadults

2.consequential结果的，随之发生的

Measuresotherthanratingswillprovemoreconsequential

3.influential影响的，有影响力的(大多数情况下使用第二个意思)

Familyisthemostinfluentialfactoronhappiness.

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