山西有什么旅游景点「英文介绍」

　　一、Taiyuan--'MetropolisofCathy'

　　TaiyuanisthecapitalofShanxiProvince.IdeallysituatedintheTaiyuanBasininthecentralpartoftheprovince,itisborderedbytheTaihangMountainsintheeastandtheLuliangMountainsinthewest.TheFenheRiverflowsthroughthecity.

　　Taiyuanhasgrownintoaboomingindustrialcityinthepastfewdecades.Itsnetworkofrailwaylinesprovidesalinktoallpartsofthecountry,anditscoalandsteelindustriesoccupyanimportantpositioninChina'sindustriessystem.

　　TheturbulenthistoryofTaiyuancanbetracedbacktotheSpringandAutumnPeriodmorethattwothousandyearsago.ButitwasnotuntiltheTangDynasty,aboutonethousandyearsago,thatTaiyuanreallybecameKnownasametropolisofCathay.ThefirstempressinChinesehistory,WuZetian(624-705),wasbornhere.Whenshecametopower,sheappointedMinisterCuiShenqingasgovernorofBingzhou(Taiyuan).HewasinstructedtohaveabridgebuiltovertheFenheRivertoconnectthetownsofXicheng(WestCity)andDongcheng(Eastcity),makingTaiyuanatruemetropolis.

　　Withitsmountainsanditsriver,Taiyuanwasanimportantmilitarytownforwhichwarstrategistsofvariousdynastiescontested.Formorethanathousandyears,manybattleswerefoughthere.InA.D.975ZhaoGuanyioftheSongDynastydispatched400,000troopstoconquerTaiyuan.Inviewofthefactthatlocalforcesofvariousdynastiesoftensetupseparatistregimesbyforceofarms,hehadthetownburneddowncompletelybecauseofwhathebelievedwereundulygreatambitionstorulehere.Sevenyearslater(A.D.982),generalLiMeioftheSongDynastybeganthereconstructionofthetown,establishingthecityofTaiyuanasweknowittoday.

　　二、MemorialTempleofJin(Jinsi)

　　ThistempleislocatedatthefountainheadoftheJinshuiRivertwentyfivekilometerssouthwestofthecityofTaiyuan.Theweatherhereiswarminwinterandcoolinsummer,andthelandisbeautiful.Ancientbuildings,bluespringwater,andsuperbclaysculpturehavebeenattractionstotouristsforcenturies.

　　LegendsaysthattheMemorialTempleofJinwasfirstbuiltinthetwelfthcenturyB.C.ThefirstattractionhereistheImmortalSpring,sonamedbecausethespingwaterhasflowedsteadilyforcenturies.Ifyouwalkalongthespringanddownthestonesteps,youwillfindabigpoolofcrystal-clearwaterthatgushesoutfromthewalls.Bypassingthepool,youwillcometotheuniquelyconstructedFlyingBridgeovertheFishPondSpringinfrontoftheHallofHolyMother(Shengmudian).Thisdoublewoodenbridgeintheshapeofacrossissupportedbythirty-fourstonepostsembeddedinthespring.CrossingthebridgeyoucometotheHallofHolymother,thecenterofthetemple.TheHolyMotherwasregardedasthenoblemodelofmotherhoodinfeudalChinesesociety.FlankingthesculptureofHolyMotherisanarrayofforty-twoyoungmaidens,eachwithdistinctexpressionandposture.TheyareperfectexamplesoftheskilloftheSongDynasty.Notfarfromthehallisagroveofancientcypresstrees,onceofwhichissaidtohavebeenplantedduringtheWesternZhouDynasty,makingitmorethantwothousandyearsold.

　　三、LoftyBenevolenceMonastery(Chongshansi)

　　ThismonasteryislocatedinthesouthernpartofthecityofTaiyuan.OfMingarchitecture,themonasteryhasanareaof140,000squaremeters.Itwasdamagedbyfirein1864,andonlyagate,abelltower,twosiderooms,andtheHallofGreatMercyareleft.Themagnificenthallcontainsthree8.5-meter-tallstatuesofBuddha.ThemonasteryisarepositoryforSongandYuaneditionsofBuddhisttexts.

　　四、TianlongshanGrottoes

　　Therearetwenty-onegrottoeshalfwayupTianlongMountain.FortykilometerssouthwestofTianyuan.TheywerecarvedduringtheWei,Qi,Sui,andprimarily,Tangdynasties.ThestoneBuddhiststatuesarelifelikeexamplesoffineworkmanship.

　　五、LongshanGrottoes

　　LocatedatthetopofLongshanMountaintwentykilometerssoutheastofthecityofTaiyuan,theseareamongthefewTaoistgrottoesinChina.Thereareeightniches,withmorethanfortystatues,carvedduringtheearlyyearsoftheYuanDynasty.

　　六、XuanzhongMonastery

　　LocatedonShibiMountaininJiaochengCountysouthwestofTaiyuan,thismonastery,alsoknownasWanbiMonastery,hasanareaofsixthousandsquaresmeters.Itissurroundedwithsteepmudbrickwallsandstatelycypresstrees.ThemonasterywasfirstbuiltI472duringtheNorthernWeiDynasty.ThebeautifulareaissacredtoBuddhist.Infact,JapaneseBuddhistsregarditastheancestralmonastery,andvisititaspilgrims.

　　七、ShuanglinMonastery

　　ThismonasteryislocatednorthofQiantouVillageinPingyaoCountytothesouthofTaiyuan.ItwasfirstbuiltduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty.Itstenhallscontainatreasuryofpaintedsculpture,with2,052paintedstatuesofBuddhafromtheSong,Yuan,Ming,andQingdynasties.NoteespeciallythefourmightyandaweinspiringDevarajas(HeavenlyGuardians)andtheeighteenarhatswiththeirindividualexpressionsandpostures.

　　八、YonglePalace

　　TheoriginalsiteofYonglePalacewasinthetownofYonglesouthwestofRuichengCountyonthebanksoftheYellowRiver(Haunghe).WhenconstructionoftheSanmenGorgeReservoirwasbegunin1958,thetownofYonglewaswithintheareaplannedtobeinundated.ThegovernmentorganizedexpertsandworkerstomovethepalacetoitspresentsiteatLongquanVillagenorthofRuichengcityinthesouthwesternpartofShanxiProvince.Theworkofmovingthepalacewascompletedinsevenyears,anditwasreconstructedcompletelyaccordingtotheoriginaldesign.PricelessmuralsoftheYuanDynastywerethuspreserved.

　　Thepalace,aTaoisttemple,wasfirstbuiltinthefourteenthcentury.ItsmainbuildingsareDragonandTigerHall(Longhudian),TaoistTrinityHall(Sanqingdian),PureSunHall(Zhongyangdian),andDoubleSunHall(Chongyangdian).OndisplayatTrinityHallareYuanDynastymuralswithmorethanthreehundredlively,brightlypaintedfigures.ThemuralsinPureSunandDoubleSunhallsarepicturestoriesaboutTaoism,richinfairytalesandfulloflife.ThenumberofmuralsinYonglePalacearesecondonlytoDunhuanginChina'snorthwesternprovinceofGansu.Richincontent,superbinexecution,themuralsarenotonlyartistictreasures,butalsovaluableresourcematerialsforthestudyofthehistoryofTaoismandYuansociety.