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If引导的条件状语从句

发表时间:2024-07-20 03:12:25 来源:网友投稿

  很多英语学习者都觉得If引导的条件状语从句这个句型很难,学习起来很吃力。下面是我为你整理的If引导的条件状语从句的相关资料,希望大家喜欢!

  If引导的条件状语从句用法  1.if引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,如果放在主句之前,中间要用逗号将主句和从句隔开。

  例如:

  IfIamfree,Iwillcometoseeyou.

  =IwillcometoseeyouifIamfree.

  如果我有空,我就来看你。

  2.在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时态表示将来意义,即主将从现原则。

  例如:

  Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillgoskiing.

  如果明天下雪,我们就去滑雪。

  3.在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,语句的谓语还可含有情态动词can、must、may等,主句也可是祈使句。

  例如:

  Ifitstopsraining,wecangoout.

  如果雨停了,我们就能出去。

  4.在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句部分描述的是客观事实或真理,要用一般现在时。

  例如:

  Ifyouheattheice,itturnsintowater.

  如果你加热冰,它就会变成水。

  if引导的非真实条件句  对过去的虚拟

  条件从句(if):主语+haddone主句might/would/should/could+havedone

  对现在的虚拟

  if+主语+动词过去式(be用were)主句might/would/should/could+do

  对将来的虚拟

  if+主语+动词过去式(be用were)或主语+shoulddo或主语+weretodo

  主句might/would/should/could+do

  e.g.

  Tomgottothestationintimebecausehestartedearlier.

  IfTomhadstartedlate,hewouldhavemissedthetrain.

  Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthedoor?

  No,ifhehad,Idon'tbelieve,hewouldhavebrokenthelivingroomwindow.

  Ifthebookweren'tsoexpensive,Iwouldbuyit.

  Ifyoudidn'tlivesofaraway,wewouldbeabletovisityoumore.

  Whatwouldyoudoifyoulostyourpassportinaforeigncountry?

  Whyhasn'thecome?Ifheshouldnotcomeontime,wewouldhavetoputoffthetrip.

  2.注意事项

  e.g.

  Ifshehadn'tworkhardatEnglishinthepast,shewouldn'tworkaswellasasecretaryinalargecompanynow.混合时间的虚拟语气从句为对过去的虚拟,主句是现在。

  Hadwenotusedanout-of-datetimetable,wewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.

  if引导从句的倒装从句相当于ifwehadnotusedanout-of-datetimetable,同样,were还有should在从句中都可以提前,省略if.

  Ifonly要是...就好了

  IfonlyIwereyounger!

  IfonlyIhadworkedharderinmyteenageyears!

  IfonlyIshouldtraveltomorrow!

  虚拟语气的十大句型  一、虚拟条件句:

  条件状语从句是非真实情况,在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。

  1.条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为:

  句型1:If+主语+过去时,主语+should(could,would,或might)+动词原形

  (1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.

  (2)Ifitrained,Iwouldnotbeherenow.

  2.条件从句与过去事实不一致,其句型为:

  句型2:If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could,would,或might)+have+过去分词

  (3)Ifthedoctorhadcomelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.

  (4)IfIhadnotstudiedhard,Iwouldhavefailedintheexamlastterm.

  3.条件从句与将来事实不一致,其句型为:

  句型3:If+主语+过去时/should+动词原形/wereto+动词原形,主语+should(could,would,或might)+动词原形

  (5)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.

  (6)IfIweretogotothemoononeday,Icouldseeitwithmyowneyes.

  (7)Ifyoumissedthefilmtonight,youwouldfeelsorry.

  注意问题:

  1.If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。

  2.根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现混合虚拟的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都要遵守上述句型。如:

  (8)Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnowandyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryearstime.

  3.条件句中如果出现were,had,should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装。例如:

  (9)Hadthedoctorcomelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.

  (10)WereItogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.

  (11)Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.

  二、名词性虚拟语气:

  在表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气,基本句型:

  句型4:主语+(should)+动词原形

  (12)MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedat9oclock.(宾语从句)

  (13)Itwasrequiredthatthecrops(should)beharvestedatonce.(主语从句)

  (14)Itissurprisingthatsheshouldntpassthemathexam.(主语从句)

  (15)Thesuggestionthathe(should)beinvitedwasrejected.(同位语从句)

  (16)Theirdemandisthattheirwages(should)beincreased.(表语从句)

  注意:在这种句子中绝不可以出现would,must,could等。

  三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句:

  句型5:wish后的宾语从句

  与现在愿望不一致:主语+过去时;

  与过去愿望不一致:主语+had+过去分词/could+have+过去分词;

  与未来愿望不一致:主语+would/could+动词原形。如;

  (17)IwishIwereyou.

  (18)IwishIhadvisitedtheWhiteHousewhenIwasintheStates.

  (19)IwishIcouldmeetyoutomorrowattheparty.

  句型6:Itstime句型(当Itstime后用that从句时应该为主语+should+动词原形或主语+过去时)

  (20)Itstimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.

  句型7:Ifonly引起的感叹句相当于HowIwish+宾语从句

  (21)Ifonlyhecouldcome!他要能来就好了。

  (22)IfonlyIhadknowntheanswer!我要早知答案就好了。

  句型8:wouldrather,asif(though)引导的句子也需使用虚拟,表示过去的情况用过去完成时,表示现在与将来的情况

  用过去时。

  (23)Idratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.

  (24)Idratheryouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.

  (25)Shelovesthechildrenasiftheywerehers.

  (26)AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhehadbeenthere.

  句型9:without,but,butfor,butthat,otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着虚拟条件。

  (27)Withoutyou,Iwouldneverknowhim.

  (28)Butforyourcooperation,wewouldnthavedonetheworksowell.

  (29)Butthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.

  (30)Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butIambusynow.

  (31)Ishouldhavecometothepartyyesterday,butIwasbusy.

  (32)Iambusynow;otherwiseIwoulddoyouthefavor!

  句型10:Ifitwerenotfor.../Ifithadntbeenfor...(要不是因为),其后面的主句也需使用虚拟。

  (33)Ifitwerenotforhishelp,Iwouldntgohomenow.

  (34)Ifithadntbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersontheboardwouldnthavebeensaved.

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