If引导的条件状语从句
很多英语学习者都觉得If引导的条件状语从句这个句型很难,学习起来很吃力。下面是我为你整理的If引导的条件状语从句的相关资料,希望大家喜欢!
If引导的条件状语从句用法 1.if引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,如果放在主句之前,中间要用逗号将主句和从句隔开。
例如:
IfIamfree,Iwillcometoseeyou.
=IwillcometoseeyouifIamfree.
如果我有空,我就来看你。
2.在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时态表示将来意义,即主将从现原则。
例如:
Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillgoskiing.
如果明天下雪,我们就去滑雪。
3.在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,语句的谓语还可含有情态动词can、must、may等,主句也可是祈使句。
例如:
Ifitstopsraining,wecangoout.
如果雨停了,我们就能出去。
4.在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句部分描述的是客观事实或真理,要用一般现在时。
例如:
Ifyouheattheice,itturnsintowater.
如果你加热冰,它就会变成水。
if引导的非真实条件句 对过去的虚拟
条件从句(if):主语+haddone主句might/would/should/could+havedone
对现在的虚拟
if+主语+动词过去式(be用were)主句might/would/should/could+do
对将来的虚拟
if+主语+动词过去式(be用were)或主语+shoulddo或主语+weretodo
主句might/would/should/could+do
e.g.
Tomgottothestationintimebecausehestartedearlier.
IfTomhadstartedlate,hewouldhavemissedthetrain.
Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthedoor?
No,ifhehad,Idon'tbelieve,hewouldhavebrokenthelivingroomwindow.
Ifthebookweren'tsoexpensive,Iwouldbuyit.
Ifyoudidn'tlivesofaraway,wewouldbeabletovisityoumore.
Whatwouldyoudoifyoulostyourpassportinaforeigncountry?
Whyhasn'thecome?Ifheshouldnotcomeontime,wewouldhavetoputoffthetrip.
2.注意事项
e.g.
Ifshehadn'tworkhardatEnglishinthepast,shewouldn'tworkaswellasasecretaryinalargecompanynow.混合时间的虚拟语气从句为对过去的虚拟,主句是现在。
Hadwenotusedanout-of-datetimetable,wewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.
if引导从句的倒装从句相当于ifwehadnotusedanout-of-datetimetable,同样,were还有should在从句中都可以提前,省略if.
Ifonly要是...就好了
IfonlyIwereyounger!
IfonlyIhadworkedharderinmyteenageyears!
IfonlyIshouldtraveltomorrow!
虚拟语气的十大句型 一、虚拟条件句:
条件状语从句是非真实情况,在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1.条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为:
句型1:If+主语+过去时,主语+should(could,would,或might)+动词原形
(1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.
(2)Ifitrained,Iwouldnotbeherenow.
2.条件从句与过去事实不一致,其句型为:
句型2:If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could,would,或might)+have+过去分词
(3)Ifthedoctorhadcomelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.
(4)IfIhadnotstudiedhard,Iwouldhavefailedintheexamlastterm.
3.条件从句与将来事实不一致,其句型为:
句型3:If+主语+过去时/should+动词原形/wereto+动词原形,主语+should(could,would,或might)+动词原形
(5)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.
(6)IfIweretogotothemoononeday,Icouldseeitwithmyowneyes.
(7)Ifyoumissedthefilmtonight,youwouldfeelsorry.
注意问题:
1.If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。
2.根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现混合虚拟的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都要遵守上述句型。如:
(8)Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnowandyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryearstime.
3.条件句中如果出现were,had,should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装。例如:
(9)Hadthedoctorcomelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.
(10)WereItogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.
(11)Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.
二、名词性虚拟语气:
在表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气,基本句型:
句型4:主语+(should)+动词原形
(12)MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedat9oclock.(宾语从句)
(13)Itwasrequiredthatthecrops(should)beharvestedatonce.(主语从句)
(14)Itissurprisingthatsheshouldntpassthemathexam.(主语从句)
(15)Thesuggestionthathe(should)beinvitedwasrejected.(同位语从句)
(16)Theirdemandisthattheirwages(should)beincreased.(表语从句)
注意:在这种句子中绝不可以出现would,must,could等。
三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句:
句型5:wish后的宾语从句
与现在愿望不一致:主语+过去时;
与过去愿望不一致:主语+had+过去分词/could+have+过去分词;
与未来愿望不一致:主语+would/could+动词原形。如;
(17)IwishIwereyou.
(18)IwishIhadvisitedtheWhiteHousewhenIwasintheStates.
(19)IwishIcouldmeetyoutomorrowattheparty.
句型6:Itstime句型(当Itstime后用that从句时应该为主语+should+动词原形或主语+过去时)
(20)Itstimethatyouwent/shouldgotoschool.
句型7:Ifonly引起的感叹句相当于HowIwish+宾语从句
(21)Ifonlyhecouldcome!他要能来就好了。
(22)IfonlyIhadknowntheanswer!我要早知答案就好了。
句型8:wouldrather,asif(though)引导的句子也需使用虚拟,表示过去的情况用过去完成时,表示现在与将来的情况
用过去时。
(23)Idratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.
(24)Idratheryouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.
(25)Shelovesthechildrenasiftheywerehers.
(26)AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhehadbeenthere.
句型9:without,but,butfor,butthat,otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着虚拟条件。
(27)Withoutyou,Iwouldneverknowhim.
(28)Butforyourcooperation,wewouldnthavedonetheworksowell.
(29)Butthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.
(30)Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butIambusynow.
(31)Ishouldhavecometothepartyyesterday,butIwasbusy.
(32)Iambusynow;otherwiseIwoulddoyouthefavor!
句型10:Ifitwerenotfor.../Ifithadntbeenfor...(要不是因为),其后面的主句也需使用虚拟。
(33)Ifitwerenotforhishelp,Iwouldntgohomenow.
(34)Ifithadntbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersontheboardwouldnthavebeensaved.
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