哈姆雷特人物简介英文

哈姆莱特-Hamlet

克劳狄斯-Claudius

波洛捏斯-Polonius

奥菲利娅-Ofelia

雷欧提斯-Laertes

霍拉旭-Horatio

罗生克兰-Rosencrantz

盖登思邓-Guildenstern

马赛洛-Marcellus

HamletiswithoutquestionthemostfamousplayintheEnglishlanguage.Probablywrittenin1601or1602,thetragedyisamilestoneinShakespeare'sdramaticdevelopment;theplaywrightachievedartisticmaturityinthisworkthroughhisbrilliantdepictionofthehero'sstrugglewithtwoopposingforces:moralintegrityandtheneedtoavengehisfather'smurder.

Shakespeare'sfocusonthisconflictwasarevolutionarydeparturefromcontemporaryrevengetragedies,whichtendedtographicallydramatizeviolentactsonstage,inthatitemphasizedthehero'sdilemmaratherthanthedepictionofbloodydeeds.Thedramatist'sgeniusisalsoevidentinhistransformationoftheplay'sliterarysources—especiallythecontemporaneousUr-Hamlet—intoanexceptionaltragedy.TheUr-Hamlet,ororiginalHamlet,isalostplaythatscholarsbelievewaswrittenmeredecadesbeforeShakespeare'sHamlet,providingmuchofthedramaticcontextforthelatertragedy.Numeroussixteenth-centuryrecordsattesttotheexistenceoftheUr-Hamlet,withsomereferenceslinkingitscompositiontoThomasKyd,theauthorofTheSpanishTragedy.OtherprincipalsourcesavailabletoShakespearewereSaxoGrammaticus'sHistoriaeDanicae(circa1200),whichfeaturesapopularlegendwithaplotsimilartoHamlet,andFranoisdeBelleforest'sHistoiresTragiques,ExtraictsdesOeuvresItaliennesdeBandel(7Vols.;1559-80),whichprovidesanexpandedaccountofthestoryrecordedintheHistoriaeDanicae.FromthesesourcesShakespearecreatedHamlet,asupremelyrichandcomplexliteraryworkthatcontinuestodelightbothreadersandaudienceswithitsmyriadmeaningsandinterpretations.

InthewordsofErnestJohnson,thedilemmaofHamletthePrinceandManistodisentanglehimselffromthetemptationtowreakjusticeforthewrongreasonsandinevilpassion,andtodowhathemustdoatlastforthepuresakeofjustice.…Fromthatdilemmaofwrongfeelingsandrightactions,heultimatelyemerges,solvingtheproblembyattainingaproperstateofmind.HamletenduresastheobjectofuniversalidentificationbecausehiscentralmoraldilemmatranscendstheElizabethanperiod,makinghimamanforallages.Inhisdifficultstruggletosomehowactwithinacorruptworldandyetmaintainhismoralintegrity,Hamletultimatelyreflectsthefateofallhumanbeings.