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It的用法总结

发表时间:2024-09-19 19:06:53 来源:网友投稿

一、人称代词

1,it的最基本用法是作代词,主要指刚提到的事物,以避免重复:

①Theywatchedthetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.

2.,也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):

②Isthisyourdog?No,itisn’t.

③Theygotababyanditwasaten-pounder

3.,也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:

③Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwithafullmouth..

二、.非人称代词

1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等:

⑴.指天气:Itisalovelyday,isn’tit?

⑵.指时间:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.

⑶.指日期:ItisAprilFirsttoday.

⑷.指距离:Itissome3000kilometersfromBeijingtoGuangzhou.

⑸.指价值:Itisthreedollars.

⑹.指温度:Todayitis30degreescentigrade.

三、其他用法

1.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语,表示谁在做某事:

①Whoisitthere?It'sI(me/you/he.....).

②IthoughtitwasMary,butitwasnotshe.

③Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.

2.泛泛的指某件事:(有时泛指一般情况)

①Itdoesn’tmatter.

②Itisashame,isn’tit?

③Howisitgoing?(情况怎样)

④Itsaysinthenewspaperthat......

3.it用在一些词组中,it没有特别的意思

Thelasttrain'sgone.Comeon,we'llfootit.(来,咱们步行吧。)

四、作形式主语,替代主语从句,动词不定式,或动名词短语:   

1.作形式主语替代主语从句

⑴Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain....)that从句常译为"┅清楚的(显然的,真的,可能的,肯定的...)"  

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.

=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.

⑵Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that从句常译为┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省去,建议记住该句型中的形容词。

①Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.  

②Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.

⑶Itissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that从句常译为"据说(据报道,据悉...)"。  

①ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.  

②Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.

⑷Itissuggested(advised/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that从句.that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省;常译为"据建议;有命令...) 

①Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff. 

②Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.

⑸Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)

①Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.

②Itistimeyouboughtanewcar.

③Itis(high)timeyoumadeupyourmind.

⑹Itisthefirst(second...)timethat从句(从句用现在完成时havedone)

Itwasthefirst(second...)timethat从句(从句用过去完成时haddone)

常译为"是第一(二)...次..."。

ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere

⑺Itisapity(ashame/anhonour/agoodthing/afact,/asurprise/...)that从句.

that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去.表示出乎意料,常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。

①Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾! 

②Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了,真遗憾!

⑻Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that从句.常译为“碰巧…,似乎是…,看起来…”

①Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧...

②Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来...

2.作形式主语替代不定式   

.⑴Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。常见的词有:

bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong(错误的)等。

这个句型可以改写为:sb.iskindtodosth.。 

如:Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.

⑵Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth..不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的中性形容词。常见的形容词有:

important,necessary,naturaleasy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant

如:Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.

⑶Ittakessb....todosth.常译为"做...要花费某人..."。  

如:IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.

3.作形式主语替代动名词短语

Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.常译为“┅有好处或没有用”  

①ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.

②It'suselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.

五、作形式宾语,代替不定式,动名词短语或宾语从句。

Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.

该句型中的it作形式宾语,该结构中常用的动词有:think,believe,make,findconsider,feel;如:

Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday. 

HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell. 

Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.

TheInternetmakesiteasierforcompaniestokeepintouchwithcustomers.

六、.it的重要句型

1.强调句型:Itis/was+被强调部分+that从句(被强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用)

①Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.

②Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.

③ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.

④ItwasyesterdaythatImetherinthestreet.

⑤Itisyouthat/whoarewrong.

特例:Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语"直到...才...",可以说是not...until...的强调形式。

ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.

=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.

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