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10类托福阅读逻辑结构

发表时间:2025-03-15 17:40:57 来源:网友投稿

10类托福阅读逻辑结构

在托福阅读理解中,一些词汇会帮助我们理解句子间关系,这些词汇大部分是逻辑词汇,为大家带来托福阅读中的逻辑词汇希望对大家有所帮助。

一.And并列关系【and】

inaddition//and//similarly//likewise//aswellas//besides//furthermore//also//moreover//too//notonly...but//even//besidesthis/that

二.Sequence顺序【then】

出现的时候表示列举

first//initially//secondetc.//tobeginwith//then//next//earlier/later//followingthis/that//afterwards

三.Consequence结果【so】

前面是后面的结果//也就是这些词后面就开始给出结论了。

asaresult//thus//so//therefore//consequently//itfollowsthat//thereby//eventually//tnthatcase//admittedly

四.Contrast转折【but】

表对前面论述的转折//一般后面才是作者观点

however//ontheotherhand//despite//inspiteof//

though//although//but//onthecontrary

otherwise//yet//insteadof//rather//whereas//nonetheless//incontrast

五.Certainty确定【ofcourse】

强烈的确定//后面是作者的坚定论点

obviously//certainly//plainly//ofcourse//undoubtedly

六.Condition条件/因为【if】

后面跟随着某种情况发生的前提或者是条件。

if//unless//whether//providedthat////Giventhat//for//sothat//whether//dependingon

七.Time时间【when】

before//since//as//until//meanwhile//atthemoment//when//whenever//assoonas//justas

八.Summary【inaword】

作者的最后

inconclusion//insummary//lastly//finally//tosumup//toconclude//torecapitulate重述//inshort//inaword

九.Example举例【forexample】

forexample//forinstance//justas//inparticular//suchas//namely也就是

十.Reason原因【because】

since//as//so//because【of】//dueto//owingto//thereasonwhy//inotherwords//leadsto//cause

托福阅读考试的必备技巧

托福阅读中面对文章阅读量大,题型种类多的困难,大家必须要掌握一些备考的技巧。利用这些技巧,减少我们的在阅读和做题中的障碍。具体的这些必备技巧都有哪些呢?为大家整理了详细的内容,供大家参考。

快速识别托福生词

从某种意义上来讲,你积累的英语词汇量的多少,影响着你在托福考试中取得的成绩。如果说你具备的词汇量达不到最基本的要求,即使你的语言能力再强也过不了托福难关。想要训练阅读能力首先就要从词汇量上下手,只有掌握足够多的词汇后,你才具备他警告阅读能力的最低标准。

遇到生词即使不知道什么意思,也可以根据上下文语境弄清它们之间的关系,运用逻辑推理的方法作出正确的答案。

其次还可以分析选项,进行对比,往往会发现选项中通常会出现两个意思相反的选项,此时再仔细重读原文就可以排除错误选项了。

遇到托福新话题不要慌

读书破万卷下笔如有神,放在托福阅读备考中依然适用。

考生利用业余时间丰富自己的知识面,对各国或各地区等相关文化及常识有一定了解后,在参加托福考试时,当阅读到自己有所了解的东西后,解题试题时就会比较有自信和感觉,不会因为自己的不了解或是不清楚,对文章要说的东西特别盲目,答题的准确率自但是然的也就会有所上升。

对于考试技巧,适合别人的不一定适合自己。考生可以根据自己的实际情况去训练,尽快找到最适合自己的解锁方式。

当考试遇到新话题,不要慌张,一定要合理运用有限的时间,拿捏好做题的速度,多多联系上下文,回忆相关话题,在规定时间内完成所有题目。

掌握SQ3R法能快速了解文章逻辑

托福阅读技巧中的SQ3R法能够有效的加快阅读速度,提升考生对文章逻辑的理解。面对一篇长篇文章,一定要做到五点:Scan.扫读Question.提问Read.阅读Review.复读Recite。

扫读可以让你对全文有个初步的了解。许多优秀作品的提纲都遵循一套逻辑,让读者能轻松的熟悉和了解文章的主题素材。提问可以让你知道每段的方向,和对文章内容的熟悉程度。做题的时候能够快速定位,有些时候自己提问问题还能和题目重叠,提高答题效率。阅读可以让你熟知每段主旨,了解中心思想,明白作者用意。有利于预测和推论题。

题外话:考场预热

托福考试阅读部分和听力部分之间不会停顿,你没有休息的时间,建议考生食用一顿合理丰富的早餐,做好考前的准备。

就是在做题过程中可复查和修改答案,但由于这样很浪费时间,请尽量一次性通过。如果遇到阅读加试,托福考生将不会被告知哪一篇文章是加试文章。加试虽然不算分,但是有可能会影响考生的成绩,所以考生要认真对待加试题。

做完一个部分的阅读,系统会提示考生点击continue进入下一部分,如果不按的话,系统大约等待1-2分钟后会自动进入下一部分。

托福阅读真题练习

托福阅读真题练习:大城市的偏见文本+题目+答案

托福阅读文本:

Throughoutthenineteenthcenturyandintothetwentieth,citizensoftheUnitedStatesmaintainedabiasagainstbigcities.Mostlivedonfarmsandinsmalltownsandbelievedcitiestobecentersofcorruption,crime,poverty,andmoraldegradation.Theirdistrustwascaused,inpart,byanationalideologythatproclaimedfarmingthegreatestoccupationandrurallivingsuperiortourbanliving.Thisattitudeprevailedevenasthenumberofurbandwellersincreasedandcitiesbecameanessentialfeatureofthenationallandscape.Gradually,economicrealityovercameideology.Thousandsabandonedtheprecariouslifeonthefarmformoresecureandbetterpayingjobsinthecity.Butwhenthesepeoplemigratedfromthecountryside,theycarriedtheirfearsandsuspiciouswiththem.Thesenewurbanities,alreadyconvincedthatcitieswereoverwhelmedwithgreatproblems,eagerlyembracedtheprogressivereformsthatpromisedtobringorderoutofthechaosofthecity.

Oneofmanyreformscameintheareaofpublicutilities.Waterandseweragesystemswereusuallyoperatedbymunicipalgovernments,butthegasandelectricnetworkswereprivatelyowned.Reformersfearedthattheprivatelyownedutilitycompanieswouldchargeexorbitantratesfortheseessentialservicesanddeliverthemonlytopeoplewhocouldaffordthem.Somecityandstategovernmentsrespondedbyregulatingtheutilitycompanies,butanumberofcitiesbegantosupplytheseservicesthemselves.Proponentsofthesereformsarguedthatpublicownershipandregulationwouldinsurewidespreadaccesstotheseutilitiesandguaranteeafairprice.

Whilesomereformsfocusedongovernmentandpublicbehavior,otherslookedatthecitiesasawhole.Civicleaders,convincedthatphysicalenvironmentinfluencedhumanbehavior,arguedthatcitiesshoulddevelopmasterplanstoguidetheirfuturegrowthanddevelopment.Cityplanningwasnothingnew,buttherapidindustrializationandurbangrowthofthelatenineteenthcenturytookplacewithoutanyconsiderationfororder.Urbanrenewalinthetwentiethcenturyfollowedseveralcourses.Somecitiesintroducedplanstocompletelyrebuildthecitycore.Mostothercitiescontentedthemselveswithzoningplansforregulatingfuturegrowth.Certainpartsoftownwererestrictedtoresidentialuse,whileothersweresetasideforindustrialorcommercialdevelopment.

托福阅读题目:

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

【A】Acomparisonofurbanandrurallifeintheearlytwentiethcentury

【B】Theroleofgovernmentintwentiethcenturyurbanrenewal

【C】Effortstoimproveurbanlifeintheearlytwentiethcentury

【D】Methodsofcontrollingurbangrowthinthetwentiethcentury

2.Thewordbiasinline2isclosestinmeaningto

【A】diagonal

【B】slope

【C】distortion

【D】prejudice

3.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhatmostpeoplewholivedinruralareas

【A】weresuspiciousoftheirneighbors

【B】wereveryproudoftheirlifestyle

【C】believedcitygovernmenthadtoomuchpower

【D】wantedtomovetothecities

4.Intheearlytwentiethcentury,manyruraldwellersmigratedtothecityinorderto

【A】participateintheurbanreformmovement

【B】seekfinancialsecurity

【C】complywithagovernmentordinance

【D】avoidcrimeandcorruption

5.Thewordembracedinline11isclosestinmeaningto

【A】suggested

【B】overestimated

【C】demanded

【D】welcomed

6.Whatconcerndidreformershaveaboutprivatelyownedutilitycompanies?

【A】Theyfearedtheserviceswouldnotbemadeavailabletoallcitydwellers.

【B】Theybelievedprivateownershipwouldsloweconomicgrowth

【C】Theydidnottrustthecompaniestoobeythegovernmentregulations.

【D】Theywantedtoensurethattheserviceswouldbeprovidedtoruralareas.

7.Thewordexorbitantinline16isclosestinmeaningto

【A】additional

【B】expensive

【C】various

【D】modified

8.AllofthefollowingwerethedirectresultofpublicutilityreformsEXCEPT

【A】localgovernmentsdeterminedtherateschargedbyprivateutilitycompanies

【B】someutilitycompanieswereownedandoperatedbylocalgovernments

【C】theavailabilityofserviceswasregulatedbylocalgovernment

【D】privateutilitycompanieswererequiredtopayafeetolocalgovernments

9.ThewordProponentsinline18isclosestinmeaningto

【A】Experts

【B】Pioneers

【C】Reviewers

【D】Supporters

10.Whydoestheauthormentionindustrialization【line24】?

【A】Toexplainhowfasturbangrowthledtopoorlydesignedcities

【B】Toemphasizetheeconomicimportanceofurbanareas

【C】Tosuggestthatlabordisputeshadbecomeanurbanproblem

【D】Toillustratetheneedforconstructionofnewfactories

托福阅读答案:

CDBBDABDDA

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