高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译

　　Soldiers

　　Soldiersandothermilitarypeoplewearuniformswithvariousothersymbolstoindicatetheirstatus.Butinthebusinessworldeveryonewearsmoreorlesssimilarsuits，andyoucannottellataglancewhorankshigherorlowerthananother.Sohowdopeopleinthebusinessworldshowtheirsuperiority?Anattempttostudythiswasmadebytworesearchersusingaseriesofsilentfilms.Theyhadtwoactorsplaythepartsofanexecutive(经理)andavisitor，andswitchroleseachtime.Thescenehadonemanathisdeskplayingthepartofanexecutive，whiletheother，playingthepartofavisitor，knocksatthedoor，opensitandapproachesthedesktodiscusssomebusinessmatter.

　　Theaudiencewatchingthefilmswasaskedtoratetheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.Acertainsetofrulesaboutstatusbegantoemergefromtheratings.Thevisitorshowedtheleastamountofstatuswhenhestoppedjustinsidethedoortotalkacrosstheroomtotheseatedman.Hewasconsideredtohavemorestatuswhenhewalkedhalfwayuptothedesk，andhehadthemoststatuswhenhewalkeddirectlyuptothedeskandstoodrightinfrontOftheseatedexecutive.

　　Anotherthingthataffectedthestatusofthevisitorintheeyesoftheobserverswasthetimebetweenknockingandentering.Fortheseatedexecutive，hisstatuswasalsoaffectedbythetimebetweenhearingtheknockandanswering.Thequickerthevisitorenteredtheroom，themorestatushehad.Thelongertheexecutivetooktoanswer，themorestatushehad.

　　41.Theexperimentdesignedbythetworesearchersaimedatfindingout_____

　　A.howbusinessisconductedbyallexecutiveandavisitor

　　Bhowtotellthedifferencesbetweenanexecutiveandavisitor

　　C.howtotellbusinessmenataglance

　　D.howbusinessmenindicatestatus

　　42Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?

　　A.Theexecutivehasahigherstatusthanthevisitor.

　　B.Militarypeoplewearuniformsbutthebusinessmendonot

　　C，Astudyrevealingasetofrulesaboutthestatusofbusinessmen.

　　DItisagoodmethodtouseaseriesofsilentfilminresearch.

　　43Havingenteredtheroom，thecloserthevisitorapproachestheexecutive,___

　　A.thelessitaffectedhisstatus

　　B.thelowerhisstatus

　　C.themoreitaffectedhisstatus

　　D.thehigherhisstatus

　　44.Thelongertheseatedmanwasinansweringtheknock，_____

　　A.thehigherhisstatus

　　B.thelessitaffectedhisstatus

　　C.thelowerhisstatus

　　Dthemoreitaffectedhisstatus

　　45.WhichstatementisNOTtrue?

　　ASoldierswearuniformswithvarioussymbolssothatonecalltelltheirstatusataglance.

　　B.Intheexperiment.oneactorplayedtheexecutivewhiletheotherplayedtheseatedman

　　C.Businesspeoplewearsimilarsuits.

　　DTheaudiencewatchingthefilmratedtheexecutiveandthevisitorintermsofstatus.

　　答案：DCDAB

　　士兵和其他军队中的人都要穿制服，并且衣服上有各种各样的标志来表明他们的身份地位。但是在商业的世界中，几乎每个人都穿的差不多一样的衣服。乍看之下很难分出身份地位的高低。那么在商界人们如果表明自己高人一等呢?

　　2个研究者通过一系列的默剧对此进行尝试和研究。剧中只有2个演员，分饰经理和拜访者的角色，每次两人都要交换角色。剧中演的是经理坐在办公桌旁边办公，来访者敲门，推开门，往办公桌走去，和经理讨论业务上的事情。

　　观看的观众被要求说出经理和拜访者的地位孰高孰低。从观众的意见总结出一套地位的归路。当拜访者站在刚进门的'地方，远远的穿过整个房间和经理说话，表明来访者的地位最低。当拜访者站在门和桌子的中间时，地位较高;当他径直走到桌子旁边站在经理前面时，地位最高。

　　在观众眼中，另一个影响拜访者地位的事情是他敲门和进房间之间的时间间隔。对于坐在那里的经理来说他的地位受听到敲门和应答的时间间隔的影响。拜访者越早的进入房间，他的地位就越高。

　　经理越迟应答敲门声，他的地位越高。

　　profession

　　Actingissuchanover-crowdedprofessionthattheonlyadvicethatshouldbegiventoayoungpersonthinkingofgoingonthestageis“Dont!”.Butitisuselesstotrytodiscouragesomeonewhofeelsthathemustact，althoughthechancesofhisbecomingfamousareslim.Thenormalwaytobeginistogotoadramasch001.Usuallyonlystudentswhoshowpromiseandtalentareaccepted，andthecourselaststwoyears.Thentheyoungactororactresstakesupworkwithatheatricalcompany(剧团)，usuallyasanassistantstagemanagerThismeansdoingeverythingthatthereistodointhetheatreandoccasionallyactinginverysmallpartsItisveryhardworkindeed，thehoursarelongandthesalaryistiny.

　　Ofcourse，somepeoplehaveremarkablechanceswhichleadtofameandSuccesswithoutthislongandhardtraining.ConniePratt，forexample，wasjustanordinarygirlworkinginabicyclefactory.Afilmproducerhappenedtocatchsightofheronemorningwaitingatabusstop，ashedrovepastinhiscar.Hestoppedandgotouttospeaktothegirl.Heaskedifshewouldliketogotothefilmstudiotodoatest，andshethoughthewasjokingThenshegotangryandsaidshewouldcallthepoliceIttooktheproducertwentyminutestoconvinceConniethathewasseriousThetestwassuccessful.AndwithinafewweeksshewasplayingtheleadingpartoppositeoneofthemostfamousactorsofthedayButchanceslikethishappenonceinabluemoon

　　36Fromtheverybeginning，theauthorputsitclearlythatactingisaprofession__A____

　　Asoughtafterbytoomany

　　B.toodifficultforyoungpeople

　　C.forslimpeopleonly

　　D.onecangointowithoutspecialtraining

　　37.Forsomeonewhofeelshemustact，itisverylikelythat_D____

　　A.hewillbecomeafilmstaratlonglast

　　Bhewillbecomeastagemanager

　　Chewillbewellpaid

　　D.hewillendupwithoutanySuccess

　　38.ThefilmproducerfoundConniePrattonemorningwhenshewas__D__

　　A.atworkinabicyclefactory

　　B.drivingpasthiminhercar

　　C.goingtoafilmstudio

　　D.waitingforabus

　　39.Afewweeksafterthetest.ConniePrattfoundherself__B____

　　Athemostfamousactressoftheworld

　　B.playingtheleadingfemaleroleinaplay

　　C.asfamousasthegreatestactoroftheworld

　　D.nolessfamousthantheleadingactoroftheday

　　40Theconcludingsentence“chanceslikethishappenonceinabluemoon”meansD

　　Athisissomethingwhichhappensonceinawhile

　　B.thisisahighlyprofitablechance

　　C.thisissomethinghighlypossible

　　Dthisisaveryrarechance

　　答案：ADDBD

　　演艺界是一个人口密度过高的职业。对于想登上舞台的年轻人的唯一建议就是不要进入。但是想劝阻那些明知成功的机会很渺茫却执意要做演员的人，这种说教是无用的。要做演员通常办法就是去戏剧学院进修。通常这里只接受有前途和有天赋的学生，课程要花2年的时间。之后年轻的女艺人或者男艺人以舞台助理的身份，参与到剧团的工作。这意味着要做和舞台相关的所有事务和偶尔的跑龙套。这确实是很辛苦的工作，工作时间长，薪水又少的可怜。

　　当然有些人没有经过长期辛苦训练，而是是通过不寻常的机会就获得了声望和成功。例如说ConniePratt原本是自行车厂的一个普通女工。某个早晨她在公车站等车的时候被一个开车路过的电影制作人看中了。制作人停车出来和她交谈，问她是否愿意来摄影棚试镜。Connie认为他只是在开玩笑罢了。最后她生气了，还威胁说要叫警察。最后制作人花了20分钟的时间让Connie相信他是认真的。试镜很成功。几个星期之后，她就作为女主角和当时很有名的一个男演员在一部戏中演对手戏了。但是类似这样的机会少之又少啊。