做高考英语阅读题的方法

一般为时政、人物、广告、文学类、科普

1.

事实细节题

事实细节是用来支撑、阐述和解释主题的具体信息。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为：

1)

When/Where

did

the

story

happen?

2)

Which

of

the

following

statements

is

(not)

correct?

3)

Which

of

the

following

statements

is

(not)

mentioned

in

the

passage?

4)

Which

is

the

right

order

of

the

events

given

in

the

passage?

5)

All

the

statements

are

true

except.

2.

主旨大意题（主要看首尾句）

这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。常见的设题方式有：

1)

Which

of

the

following

best

describes

the

main

point

of

the

passage?

2)

What

is

the

writer

trying

to

tell

us?

3)

Which

of

the

following

is

the

best

title

for

the

passage?

4)

The

purpose

of

the

passage

is.

5)

The

main

(general)

idea

of

the

passage

is.

6)

The

passage

is

mainly

about.

7)

From

the

passage

we

know

that.

3.

推理判断题（主要看文中没出现过，你要推测出来的）

这类题属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。

常见的题干有：

1)

It

can

be

inferred

from

the

text

that.

2)

We

can

conclude

that.

3)

When

the

writer

talks

about...,

what

he

really

means

is

that.

4)

Which

of

the

following

can

be

inferred

from

the

passage?

4.

猜测词义题

这类题旨在考查学生根据上下文对灵活变化的词义做出理解判断的能力。这一能力可以说是体现阅读理解能力的一项重要指标。

常见的题干有：

1)

Which

of

the

following

is

the

closest

in

meaning

to

the

word？

2)

The

word...

could

best

be

replaced

by.

3)

In

the...

paragraph,

the

word...

means

(refers

to).

4)

According

to

the

passage,...

probably

means.

5)

The

author

uses

the

word...

to

mean.

解决这类问题可以采用以下几种方法：

1)

根据上下文运用构词法知识，推测词义。运用构词法猜测词义是一种简单而行之有效的方法。只要掌握构词法规律，无论单词加前缀还是后缀都不难猜出它们的含义。如：

As

the

disease

developed

to

its

advanced

stage,

the

cancer

is

inoperable.

inoperable为生词，前缀

“in”表示否定，后缀

“able”

表示“可……的”，中间词干operate

意为“手术”，可知inoperable为“不可手术的”。

2)通过定义和解释来猜测词义。可以根据一些标志词找出猜词的线索，如：means,

in

other

words,

that

is

to

say等。如：

Annealing

is

a

way

of

making

metal

softer

by

heating

it

and

then

letting

it

cool

very

much.

此句的表语部分直接定义出annealing的含义是“一种通过加热然后慢慢冷却使金属变软的方法”，即“退火”。

主要关注：高考的24个话题