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英语成语故事及翻译三篇

发表时间:2024-07-12 15:54:55 来源:网友投稿

  【后来居上】

  JiAnlivedatthetimeofEmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynasty(206B.C.-A.D.24).Hewasrespectedforbeinguprightandjustandfordaringtospeakthetruth.Hedidnotbotheraboutamallmattersinpersonalbehaviourandinbeinganofficial.Hewasparticularaboutactualeffectsand,althoughhedidnotcauseastir,hecouldkeeptheprefecturehegovernedinperfectorder.Becauseofthis.theimperialcourttransferredhimtothecentralgovernmentfrombeingtheperfectoftheDonghaiPrefecturetobeingacommanderinchargeoftheappointmentanddismissalofthelocalofficals.

  汲黯是西汉武帝时代人,以刚直正义、敢讲真话而受人尊重。他为人和做官都不拘小节,讲求实效。虽然表面上不那么轰轰烈烈,却能把一个郡治理得井井有条,因此朝廷把他从东海太守调到朝廷当主爵都尉——一种主管地方吏任免的官职。

  Once,EmperorWudisaidthathewouldimplementthepolicyofbenevolenceandjusticeofConfucianismandwoulddogoodturnstothepeople.EmperorWudiHadhardlyfinishedhisremardswhenJiAnsaidthattherewasnoneedfortheemperortosayso.Whyshouldtheemperorbother,JiAnsaid,aboutpretendingtoimplementthepolicyofbenevolenceandjusticesincehewassogreedyandavariciouswithinhimself?Thischokedtheemperoroff.TheemperorsuddenlyChangedhiscountenanceanddeclaredthemeetingover.AllthecivilianandmilitaryofficersatcourtwerebreathlesswithanxietyforfearthatJiAnmightbringdisasteruponhimselfbecauseofthis.Afterreturning,EmperorWudisaidtothepeoplearoundhimthatJiAnwasalittletoorudeandtoostraightforward.

  有一次,汉武帝说要实行儒家的仁义之政,为老百姓办好事了。没等皇帝把话说完,汲黯就说:“陛下内心里那么贪婪多欲,表面上却要装得实行仁政,这是何苦呢?”一句话把皇帝噎了回去。汉武帝登时脸色大变,宣布罢朝,满朝文武都为汲黯捏着一把汗,担心他会因此招来大祸。武帝回到宫里以后,对身边的人说,汲黯这个人也未免太粗太直了。

  Forthisreason,JiAnwasneverpromotedagain.Whenhewasthecommanderinchargeoftheappointmentanddismissalofthelocalofficials,bothGongsunHongandZhangTangwerelow-rankinglfficialsoflittleimportance.Later,theywerepromotedcontinuously.GongsunHongbecametheprimeministerandZhangTangbecametheimperialcensor.However,JiAn'spostremainedthesame.Oneday,JiAnsaidtoEmperorWudithatthewaytheemperorusedhisministerswasjustlikepilingupfirewood,whichmeantthatthelatecomerssurpassedtheold-timers.Ofcourse,EmperorWudicouldseethatJiAnwascomplaining.So,turningtohisministers,EmperorWudisaid,Itistruethatnoonecanstoplearning.Yousee,JiAnismakingmoreandmoreindiscreetremarks.

  从此以后,汲黯的官职再也没有提升。他当主爵都尉的时候,公孙弘、张汤都还是不起眼的小官,后来,他们一个劲儿住上升,公孙弘当上了丞相,张汤做上了御史大夫,可他汲黯还蹲在原地没动窝。有一天汲黯对武帝说,陛下使用群臣,跟码劈柴一样,是“后来者居上”啊!汉武帝当然听得出这是发牢骚。于是转脸对臣下们说:“人真是不能不学习啊!你们听汲黯说话,越来越离谱了!”

  【指鹿为马】

  InQindynasty,therewasapowerfulandevilcounselornamedZhaoGao。

  在秦朝,有个很得势的*臣叫赵高。

  ZhaoGaowantedtorebel,buthedidn'tknowhowmanypeopleinthecourtwouldstandbyhisside。

  赵高想造反,但是又不知道群臣中有多少人会支持他。

  Soheworkedoutawaytotestthepeople。

  于是他想了个办法来测试。

  Hepresentedadeerasatributetotheemperorinfrontofthecourt,andsaidthatitwasaswifthorse。

  他在群臣面前送了一头鹿给皇上,并说这是一匹千里马。

  Theemperornotacceptinghisstatementsaid,Thisisobviouslyadeer.

  皇上不信,说“这明明是鹿啊。”

  Then,ZhaoGaotookthisopportunitytoaskthecourt,Isthisadeerorahorse?

  然后赵高借机问各位大臣,“这是鹿还是马?”

  Inthecourt,thosewhodidn'tdaretogoagainstZhaoGaoagreedwithhimandsaidthatitwasahorse,thosewhodaredtogoagainstZhaoGaosaidthatitwasadeer。

  在大臣中,不敢反抗赵高的都赞同说是马,敢于反对赵高的说是鹿。

  Later,ZhaoGaorememberedthecounselorswhodidn'tagreewithhimandpersecutedthemtosolidifyhispower。

  后来,赵高记住了这些反对他的人并加以迫害,以巩固自己的势力。

  Thisstoryisstillpopulareventoday.Peopleusethisidiomtodescribesomeonewhocallswhiteblack。

  这个故事流传至今,人们用这个成语来形容一个人颠倒黑白。

  【子罕拒玉】

  AfarmerinthestateofSongoncegotapieceofstonewithjadeinit.

  宋国人有个农夫得到一块含宝玉的石头后,将它献给了相国子罕。

  HepresentedthisstonetoPrimeMinisterZiHan.ButZiHanrefusedtoacceptit.xiaogushi8.comThefarmerexplained,“Itlookslikejustastone,butthereisjadeinside.Itactuallyisapieceoftreasureandsuitableforhonorablemenlikeyou,notforuscommonpeople.”

  子罕拒绝接受这块石头,农夫解释说:“表面上它是块石头,但里面含有宝玉,是个宝物,适合您这样的贵人使用,我们普通百姓用它就不合适了。”

  “Iknowthereisjadeinside,”ZiHansaid,”butIdisagreewithyou.xiaogushi8.comIthinktohavethevirtueofdecliningthingsthatdonotbelongtooneselfistherealtreasure.”

  子罕说:“我知道里面是宝玉。但我的观点和你不同,我认为具有不接受不应得的东西的品德才是真正的宝玉。”

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