求英语大神帮忙翻译化学实验报告一篇。

Aluminumpotassiumsulfatepreparationandcrystalgrowth

One,thepurposeoftheexperiment

1understandtheprincipleandprocessofproducingaluminumsulfate;

2furtherunderstandingoftheAlandAl(OH)3sexes;

3educationprinciplesandmethodsofcrystalsfromsolution.

Two,theexperimentalprinciple

Thesulfatealuminumwithalkalimetal(K2SO4)formingaluminumpotassiumsulfatesalt.

Aluminumpotassiumsulfate(K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O)commonlyknownasalum,itisakindofcolorlesscrystals,YiRonginthewater,andthehydrolysisofAl(OH)3casse.Ithasastrongabsorptionperformance,aluminumsaltindustryisimportant,aswaterpurifyingagent,fillingagentinpapermakingetc..

Thisexperimentusingaluminumdissolvedinsodiumhydroxidesolution,fourhydroxyaluminumacidsodiumproductionofsolublemetalaluminum,otherimpuritiesareinsoluble,filtertoremoveimpurities.ThenusingH2SO4toregulatethepHvalueofthesolutionfor8-9,namelyAl(OH)3precipitate,separation,addingH2SO4intheprecipitation,theAl(OH)3intoAl2(SO4)3,andthenmadeintoAl2(SO4)3crystals,Al2(SO4)3crystalandK2SO4crystalrespectivelyintosaturatedsolution,mixingwithalumgenerated.Thereactionisasfollows:

2Al+2NaOH+6H2O=2Na[Al(OH)4]+3H2

[Al(OH)4]+H+=Al(OH)3+H2O

2Al(OH)3+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+6H2O

Al2(SO4)3+K2SO4+24H2O=K2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2O

Cultivationofalumcrystal:whenthereisK2SO4·Al2(SO4)3·24H2Ocrystalprecipitation,filteringtoobtaincrystal,choosestructuredasaseed,putinthefiltrate,theupperdish,letthesolutionofnaturalevaporation,crystallizationwillgraduallygrowup,becomealargesinglecrystal,crystalhaseightsurfacemorphology.Inordertomaketheseedsgrowlargesinglecrystal,itisimportantnottosolutiontemperaturechangeistoobig,makewaterslowevaporation.Inadditiontogrowlargecrystals,crystalsystemcanalsobegeneratedwiththenylonrope,suspendedinsolution.Suchcrystalsinthegrowthrateisnotaffected,thecrystalsformedmorerules.

Three,experimentalequipment

Apparatusandmaterials:beaker,electronicscales,funnel,theevaporatingdish,alcohollamp,threetripod,asbestos,matches,glassfunnel,cylinder,filterpaper,pHpaper,nylonline.

Reagents:Alchip(C.P),NaOH(C.P),K2SO4(C.P),H2SO4(3mol·L-1,1:1),BaCl2(0.1mol·L-1).

Four,theexperimentalsteps

1.Al(OH)3generation

Take2.3gramsofNaOHsolid,intoa200mLbeaker,add30mLdistilledwatersolution.Take1gramsofaluminumscrap,inbatchesintothesolution(reaction,preventspills,shouldbecarriedoutinafumehood),tonolongerhavebubbles,indicatingthereactioniscompleted,andthenaddingdistilledwater,thevolumeisabout40mL,filtration.Thefiltrateintoa200mLbeaker,heatedtoboiling,withcontinuousstirring,add3mol·L-1H2SO4,thesolutionofpH8-9,continuetostirboiledafewminutes,andthenfiltration,washingandprecipitationwithboilingwater,untilthewashingliquidpHvaluereducedtoabout7,dry.

2.Al2(SO4)3preparation

ThepreparedAl(OH)3intothebeaker,undercontinuousstirring,adding1:1,H2SO4,andwaterbathheating.Whenthesolutionbecameclear,stopaddingsulfuricacid,Al2(SO4)3solution.Theconcentratedsolutionforthe1/2oftheoriginalvolume,removed,watercoolingtoroomtemperature,thecrystallization,filtration,thecrystalblotwiththefilterpaper,weighing.

Cultureandcrystal3alumsystem

Theweighingofthealuminumsulfatecrystalisarrangedonthesmallbeaker,withsaturatedsolutionatroomtemperature.TheotherweighK2SO4solid,alsowiththesamevolumeofsaturatedsolution,andthenanequalvolumeoftwosaturatedsolutionphasemixing,stirringevenly.Afterplacement,therewillbealumcrystalprecipitation.Selectthefilter,structuredasaseed,putinthefiltrate,theupperdish,letthesolutionofnaturalevaporation,crystallizationwillgraduallygrowup,becomealargesinglecrystal,crystalhaseightsurfacemorphology.

Inordertomaketheseedgenerationoflargesinglecrystal,itisimportantnottosolutiontemperaturechangeistoobig,makewaterslowevaporation.Togeneratealargecrystal,crystalsystemcanalsobegeneratedwiththenylonrope,suspendedinsolution.Suchcrystalsinthegrowthrateisnotaffected.