英语音标知识O(∩_∩)O求了

英语音标发音规则

一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a

在开音节中

[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake

在闭音节中

[]bagdadhatmapblackback

e

在开音节中

[i:]hethesemeChinese

在闭音节中

[e]bedletpendeskyesegg

i

在开音节中

[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite

在闭音节中

[i]fishbigdrinksitmilkswim

o

在开音节中

[əu]thoseclosegohoehomeno

在闭音节中

[ɔ]clocknotboxshopsock

u

在开音节中

[ju:]studentexcusedutyTuesday

在闭音节中

[ʌ]buscupjumpmuchlunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:]音,例如:Junebluerulersuper

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a

[ə]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast

[i]orangecomradevillagecabbage

e

[ə]hundredstudentopenweekend

[ə:]nerveserveterm

[i]chickenpocketbeginchildren

i

[i]holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal

[ai]exercisesatellite

o

[ə]secondtonightsomebodywelcome

[əu]alsozerophoto

u

[ə]autumndifficult

[ju:]popularcongratulationJanuary

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jlrs后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue

三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a在[w]音后面

[ɔ]wantwhatwatchwashquality

a在fnskphspssstth前

[a:]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather

i在-nd-ld和gh前

[ai]findchildlighthigh

o在-st-ld前

[əu]mostpostcardoldcold

o在mnvth前

[ʌ]comemonkeylovemother

四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ar

ar在[w]音后面

[a:]carfarmdarksharpener

[ɔ:]warmquartertowards

or

or在[w]音后面

[ɔ:]fortymorningshort

[ə:]wordworkerworse

erirur

[ə:]certainlybirdThursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如:carrysorryhurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollarteachermartyrforgetSaturday

五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

are

[ɛə]caredarehare

ere

[iə]heremere

ire

[aiə]firehirewire

ore

[ɔ:]morescorebefore

ure

[juə]purecure

areereireore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音,例如:picturepleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.

例如:parentzerostoryduringinspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.

例如:orangeveryAmericanparagraph

六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ai/ay

[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplay

air

[aiə]airhairchairpairrepair

al在fm前

[ɔ]smallballtalkwallall

[ɔ:l]alwaysalsosaltalmostbald

[a:]halfcalm

au/aw

[ɔ:]autumndaughterdraw

ea

[i:]teacheasycheapplease

[e]heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]breakgreat

ear

[iə]heardearnearclearyear

[εə]bearpearwear

[ə:]earthlearnearly

ee

[i:]jeepweekgreenthree

eer

[iə]pioneerdeerbeer

ei/ey

[ei]eightneighbourthey

[i:]eitherkey

eu/ew在jlrs后

[ju:]newfewnewspaper

[u:]flewbrew

ie/ei在[s]音之后

[i:]piecefieldreceive

oa

[əu]coatJoanboatgoal

oar/oor

[ɔ:]roarboarddoorfloor

oi/oy

[ɔi]noisepointboytoilet

oo

[u:]broomfoodtoothschool

[u]booklookcookfootgood

ou/ow

[au]flowerhousecountdown

[əu]knowrowthrowthough

[ʌ]youngcountryenough

[u:]groupyousoup

our

[ɔ:]courseyourfour

[auə]ourhourours

[ə:]journey

ui

在jlrs后

[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuition

[u:]juicefruitsuit

七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群

读音

例词

ai/ayei/ey

[i]Sundayforeignmonkey

ow

[əu]yellowsparrowtomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].

例如:neighbourseriousfamousbiscuitcoffee

-sion-tion

[∫n]impressionnation

-sion在元音字母后

[ӡn]visiondecisionoccasion

-tion在s后

[t∫ən]questionsuggestion

-sten

[sn]listen

-stle

[sl]whistle

-sure

[ӡə]pleasuremeasure

-ture

[t∫ə]pictureculture

八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.

例如:

everyday[ei]

handbag[]

blackboard[ɔ:]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.

例如:

sun太阳+day[ei]日子>Sunday[i]星期天

holy神圣+day[ei]日子>holiday[i]假日

break中断+fast[a:]斋戒>breakfast[ə]早餐

cup茶杯+board木板[ɔ:]>cupboard[ə]碗柜

九,辅字组的读音

辅字组

读音

例词

b

[b]bikebusbag

[/]bombtomb

c

c在e前或在i/y前

[k]cakepicturecoatmusic

[s]facedecidecinema

ch

[t∫]muchchickrichteacher

[k]schoolheadachechemistry

[∫]machine

-ck

[k]cockpocketblackknock

d

[d]doctorbreadhandday

-dge

[dӡ]bridgefridge

dr-

[dr]childrendriverdrink

f

[f]fivefourbreakfast

g

g在ei/y前

[g]baggardongo

[dӡ]orangelargeGerman

gh

[f]coughenough

[/]lightdaughterhigh

gu--gue

gu在非重读音节中

[g]guessleaguedialogue

[gw]languageanguish

h

[h]hotheadhousehand

[/]hourhonest

j

[dӡ]jeepjarjokejoinJuly

k

[k]kindbikeskatemakeweek

kn-

[n]knifeknowknock

l

[l]lifemilkschooltall

m

[m]monkeycomeautumn

-mn

[m]autumncolumn

n

n在[k][g]音前

[n]notshinetennote

[ŋ]unclethankhungry

-ng

[ŋ]morningyoungwrong

p

[p]paperplanepigshippen

ph

[f]elephantphototelephone

q

[k]Iraq

qu-

[kw]qualityquite

r

[r]redrubberruler