英语演讲短文（有关历史人物)

这个文章是说马克思的~蛮好读的~KarlHeinrichMarx(May5,1818–March14,1883)wasaPrussianphilosopher,politicaleconomist,andrevolutionary.Marxaddressedawiderangeofissues;heismostfamousforhisanalysisofhistory,summedupintheopeninglineoftheintroductiontotheCommunistManifesto(1848):Thehistoryofallhithertoexistingsocietyisthehistoryofclassstruggles.Marxbelievedthatcapitalismwouldbereplacedbysocialismwhichinturnwouldbringaboutcommunism.　　　　Marxwasbothascholarandapoliticalactivist,oftencalledthefatherofcommunism.Sometimes,hearguedthathisanalysisofcapitalismrevealedthatcapitalismwasdestinedtoendbecauseofunsolvableproblemswithinit:　　　　“ThedevelopmentofModernIndustry,therefore,cutsfromunderitsfeettheveryfoundationonwhichthebourgeoisieproducesandappropriatesproducts.Whatthebourgeoisiethereforeproduces,aboveall,areitsowngrave-diggers.Itsfallandthevictoryoftheproletariatareequallyinevitable.”　　　　—(TheCommunistManifesto)　　　　Othertimes,hearguedthatcapitalismwouldendthroughtheorganizedactionsofaninternationalworkingclass:Communismisforusnotastateofaffairswhichistobeestablished,anidealtowhichreality[will]havetoadjustitself.Wecallcommunismtherealmovementwhichabolishesthepresentstateofthings.Theconditionsofthismovementresultfromthepremisesnowinexistence.(fromTheGermanIdeology)　　　　WhileMarxwasarelativelyobscurefigureinhisownlifetime,hisideasbegantoexertamajorinfluenceonworkers’movementsshortlyafterhisdeath.ThisinfluencewasgivenaddedimpetusbythevictoryoftheMarxistBolsheviksintheRussianOctoberRevolution,andtherearefewpartsoftheworldwhichwerenotsignificantlytouchedbyMarxianideasinthecourseofthetwentiethcentury.TherelationofMarxtoMarxismisapointofcontroversy.Whilesomearguethathisideasarediscredited,Marxismremainsinfluentialinacademicandpoliticalcircles.InhisbookMarx’s’DasKapital’(2006),biographerFrancisWheenreiteratesDavidMcLellan’sobservationthatsinceMarx’sideashadnottriumphedintheWest..ithadnotbeenturnedintoanofficialideologyandisthustheobjectofseriousstudyunimpededbygovernmentcontrols..