詹天佑的生平英文简介，一定要是英语的哦

中国铁路之父

Jeme（詹天佑英文名JemeTienYow）wasborninNam-hoiprefecture(nowLiwanDistrict,Guangzhou)inGuangdongofChina.In1872,twelve-years-oldJemewaschosenbytheQingimperialofficialstobesenttotheUnitedStatesforeducation.Togetherwiththirtychildrenofsimilarage,JemearrivedinConnecticut.AfterstudyingataprimaryschoolinNewHaven,hethenenteredasecondaryschoolthere,andin1878,JemewasadmittedtoYaleUniversity.Jeme'smajorwasCivilEngineering,withanemphasisinrailroadconstruction.Jemereceivedhisbachelor'sdegreein1881,andhewasconsideredluckybecauseonlyafewmonthsafterhisgraduation,theQinggovernmentdecidedtorecallallstudentsstudyingintheUnitedStates.Amongthosewhoweresentabroad,onlyJemeandanotherstudentwereabletoobtaintheircollegedegrees.

ThestatueofJemeTienYow,inZhangjiakousouthrailwaystation.

JemeTienYow'sformerresidenceinCanton(Guangzhou)LifewasnotgoodforthestudentsrecalledtoChina.TheQinggovernmentofficialsfoundbehaviorsoftheforeigneducatedstudentsunorthodox,theyalsohadnoplantoputtheiracquiredknowledgetogooduse.Mostoftherecalledstudents,includingJeme,weresimplysenttothenewlyformedImperialNavytobere-trainedasseamen.JemewassenttoFuchowinFujianProvince.Afewyearslater,in1884,theImperialNavyinFuchowwasdestroyedduringthebriefwarwithFrance.Jemesurvivedthewar,andin1888,hefinallyfoundhiswaytobecomearailroadengineer.ViceroyLiHongzhanginPekingwasconstructingarailroadthatwouldlinkTientsintothecoalminesinTangshan.ABritishengineerClaudeW.Kinderwashiredasthechiefengineeroftherailroad.ThroughconnectionswithhisoldschoolmatesworkinginPeking,JemejoinedKinderasaninternengineer.Jemewassoonpromotedtofullengineer,andlaterdistrictengineer.TherailwaythatJemeworkedonwaslaterextendedtobecomethePekingMukdenLine.Jemespent12yearsonvarioussectionsofthislinebeforehisnextmajorassignment.

In1902,YuanShikaidecidedtobuildaspeciallineforEmpressDowagerCixitovisittheRoyalancestors'tomb.Kinderwastheoriginalcandidateforthechiefengineerposition,howevertheFrenchwereunhappythataBritishwasassignedtotheposition.Eventually,Jemegottheassignmentasthechiefengineerofthe37kmstubline.Jememanagedtoconstructtherailroadwithinbudgetandaverytightschedule.TheEmpresswaspleasedandpermissionwasgiventoconstructmorerailroadinChina.

In1905,theImperialQinggovernmentdecidedtobuildarailroadthatwouldlinkthecapitalofPekingtotheimportanttradecityofKalgantothenorth.ThisrailwaywouldbeofstrategicimportancetotheImperialgovernment.Adecisionwasthereforemadethattherailwaywouldbebuiltwithoutforeignassistance.Capitalwouldcomefromthegovernment,andnoforeignengineersweretobehired.JemewasonceagainappointedasChiefEngineeroftherailway.Atthebeginning,somepeoplewereskepticalthattheQinggovernmentwouldbeabletoconstructtherailroadintheruggedmountainsNorthofPekingallbyitself.ButJemeshowedhewasanableengineerandcompletedtheworktwoyearsaheadofscheduleandunderbudget.HedesignedazigzagupwardsrailwaybyswitchingbackthelineneartheQinglongqiaorailwaystationtoovercomethesteepgradient.WhenexcavatingtheBadalingrailwaytunnel,heemployedtheverticalshaftconstructionmethodtoacceleratetheconstruction.HewasalsosaidtobeanadvisoroftheconstructionoftheKowloon-CantonRailway,fortheLoWuBridgebuiltin1906.

HewasalsothefoundingmemberoftheChinaInstituteofEngineers.JemewasawardedanhonorarydoctoratedegreebytheUniversityofHongKongin1916.ForhiscontributionstorailroadengineeringinChina,JemewasoftencalledtheFatherofChina'sRailroad.JemediedinHankouin1919attheageof58.HewasburiedattheQinglongqiaorailwaystation,wherethePeking-Kalgan(Beijing-Zhangjiakou)railwaycrossedtheGreatWallandtheruggedmountainsnorthofBeijing.AmuseumwasalsoestablishednearbytocommemoratetheworksofJemeTienYow.