BBC口语教学：怎样用英语向别人发出邀请（非正式）

Myname’sWilliamKremerandoverthenextthreeweeks,I’mgoingtobetellingyouhowtoinvitepeopletodothingsandsayyesornotootherpeople’sinvitations.Andtodaywe’relookingatinformalinvitations,andinparticular,howtoasksomeonewhetherheorshewouldliketogoforapint.我是WilliamKremer，接下来的三个星期，我会教大家怎样(用英语)向别人发出邀请以及在收到邀请后怎样拒绝或是接受。今天我们将学习非正式的邀请，特别是开口问某人是否愿意跟你goforapint。IfyouliveintheUK,orhaveeverbeentotheUK,thenyoumustknowwhatImeanby‘apint’.Imean,aglassofbeer,usuallyservedinapub:apintofbeer.Wealsooftensay‘adrink’tomeananalcoholicdrinksuchasbeer.假如你住在英国或者是曾经到过英国，那你一定知道我所说的‘apint’是什么意思。‘apint’是一杯啤酒，酒吧通常有售：一品脱啤酒。我们也会称之为“adrink”，指的是酒类，如啤酒。So,let’simaginethatit’sfiveo’clockonaFridayandyou’vehadahardweekandit’stimeforapint.What’sagoodwayofaskingotherpeopleifthey’dlikeadrinktoo?Well,inthenextclip,DiarmuidisgoingtoinviteCatherineoutforapint.那让我们来假设一下，现在是周五下午五点，辛苦了一个礼拜，应该是去喝一杯的时候啦。询问别人是否也想去喝一杯的最好方式是什么呢？嗯，在接下来的录音中，Diarmuid就在邀请Catherine去喝一杯。SeeifyoucanhearwhatwordsDiarmuidusestodothis.看看你能不能听出来Diarmuid都用了哪些表达。Diarmuid:Catherine,I’mjustgoingforadrinkafterworkthisevening-doyoufancyapint?今晚下班后我想去喝酒，想要来一杯吗？Catherine:Ooh,I’dloveone.哦，想呢！William:Diarmuidasks,‘Doyoufancyapint?’Diarmuid问：‘Doyoufancyapint?’InBritishEnglish,ifyou‘fancy’something,itmeansthatrightnowyouwanttohaveit.在英国英语中，假如你fancy某东西，也就是说，此刻你就想得到那种东西。Forexample,‘Ifancyanicecream’,‘Ifancyahamburger’例如，“我想吃冰淇淋；我想吃汉堡”。Diarmuid:Catherine,I’mjustgoingforadrinkafterworkthisevening-doyoufancyapint?同。Catherine:Ooh,I’dloveone.重复。William:Catherinesaysthatshe’dloveapint,soshe’sagreeingtogoforadrinkwithDiarmuid.Catherine说，她想喝一杯，也就是说她答应与Diarmuid一起去喝酒。Nowlet’shearanotherwayofinvitingsomeoneoutforapint:现在来听一下另外一种邀请某人去喝酒的方式。Diarmuid:AreyouupforapintafterworkCatherine?Catherine，下班后打算去喝一杯吗？William:DiarmuidaskedCatherineifshewas‘upforapint’.Diarmuid在问Catherine她是否‘upforapint。Diarmuid:AreyouupforapintafterworkCatherine?同。William:Ifsomeoneisupforsomething,itoftenmeansthatheorshewouldliketodosomethingortrysomething.ThisisacommonexpressioninspokenEnglish.假如某个人upforsomething（打算做某事），实际是在说他/她想做某事。这是英语口语中较常见的表达。Diarmuid:AreyouupforapintafterworkCatherine?同。William:OK,let’slookatathirdwayofinvitingsomeoneoutforapint.好了，来看看第三种邀请别人外出喝酒的方式：Diarmuid:Doyoufeellikeapint,Catherine?Catherine，想喝一杯吗？William:Inthissituation,ifyoufeellikesomething,youfancyit.AndsothequestionforDiarmuidis,‘Doyoufeellikeapint?’这里，假如你feellike某事/某物，即，你想要做某事或得到某物。Diarmuid需要回答的问题是：‘Doyoufeellikeapint?’——你想去喝一杯吗？Diarmuid:Doyoufeellikeapint,Catherine?同。William:Now,seeifyoucanhearadifferencebetweenthefollowingsentences:现在来看一下你能否听出以下句子的异同。Diarmuid:Doyoufeellikeapint,Catherine?你想来喝一杯吗，Catherine?Diarmuid:Doyoufeellikegoingforapint,Catherine?Catherine，想去喝酒吗？William:Well,thesecondsentencefeaturesagerund-‘going’.Wecanusegerundstotalkaboutactivitiesinsteadofobjects.Theactivitywe’retalkingabouthereisgoingforapint.Listenagain.嗯，第二个句子里面出现了动名词going。我们用动名词来表示做某事而不是特指某物。这里说的事情是去喝酒。再来听一次：Diarmuid:Doyoufeellikegoingforapint,Catherine?Catherine，你想去酒吗？William:Inthissituation,Diarmuidcanchoosewhethertotalkaboutthepintitself-‘Doyoufeellikeapint’-ortheactivityofgoingforapint-‘Doyoufeellikegoingforapint?’在这里，Diarmuid可以选择特指酒本身（‘Doyoufeellikeapint’）也可以指去喝酒这件事“Doyoufeellikegoingforapint?”But,sometimeswedon’thaveachoice.但有的时候，我们没有选择的余地。Forexample,wecan’tsay‘Doyoufeellikeamuseum?’becauseyoucan’tbuyamuseum!Sowewouldhavetosay‘Doyoufeellikegoingtoamuseumwithme?’Therearealsogerundformsfortheotherquestionswe’veheard:比如，我们不可以说“你想要一个博物馆吗？或是你不能买一个博物馆！”正确的表达应该是“你想跟我去博物馆？”我们听到的另外一个问句中也出现了动名词：Diarmuid:Doyoufancygoingforapint,Catherine?Diarmuid:Areyouupforgoingforapint,Catherine?同。重复。William:Nowsometimes,inveryinformalsituationslikethis,youdon’tevenhavetoaskaquestioninordertoinvitepeopletodosomething.WhatdoImean?有时候，在像这样的正式场合中，邀请别人的时候，你甚至什么都不用问。什么意思呢？Well,listentothefollowingconversation.Diarmuidhasjustfinishedworking…呵，来听以下的对话。Diarmuid刚刚做完手头的事情。Diarmuid:Right,that’smefinished!IthinkImightgodownthebarforapint…啊，我搞定了。我也许会去酒吧喝一杯。Catherine:I’mupforthat!我正打算去！William:Diarmuidtellseveryonethathe’sgoingtothebar.Hehasn’taskedthemiftheywanttocome,butit’sclearthattheycancomeiftheywant.And,asithappens,Catherineisupforit.Diarmuid告诉大家他要去酒吧。他并没有问是否有人也要去，但是很明显，想去的自然会有所反应。果不其然Catherine也正想着要去。Diarmuid:Right,that’smefinished!IthinkImightgodownthebarforapint…同。重复。Catherine:I’mupforthat!同。William:Now,aquickwordaboutacceptinginvitations.Atthestartoftheprogramme,weheardCatherinesayyeslikethis:现在，来快速地提一下怎样接受邀请。在节目一开始，我们听见了Catherine说了像这样的话：Catherine:Ooh,I’dloveone.哦，想来一杯！William:ButifCatherine’sbeingaskedtodoanactivity,theresponseisslightlydifferent:但是如果是Catherine被邀请去做某事呢？反应可能会稍微有点不同。Diarmuid:Doyoufancygoingforapint,Catherine?Catherine，想去喝一杯吗？Catherine:OohI’dloveto,whattime?哦，想去！什么时候？William:Ifwe’retalkingaboutactivities,weshouldsay‘I’dloveto’not‘I’dloveone’.Therearelotsofotherwaysofacceptinginvitations.如果说的是某种活动/事情，我们应该用用的表达是：‘I’dloveto’而不是‘I’dloveone’。接受邀请的表达还有很多。Shecouldsaysomethinglike:Catherine:That’dbefun.她可以这样回应：会挺有趣的！William:Orshecouldsay:或者是：Catherine:Thatsoundslovely.听起来好极了！William:Orshecouldjustsay:或者她也可以说：Catherine:OK,cool.好哇！棒极了！William:Nowifyou’vebeenlisteningtothisprogrammeandyou’vebeenthinking,‘ButIdon’tlikebeer!’well,we’regoingtobelookingatthemorecomplicatedbusinessofsaying‘no’toinvitationsinaseparateprogramme.But,fortodaythat’smefinished.IthinkImightgodownthebarforapint….如果你一直在收听本节目并且你琢磨着不喜欢啤酒的话该怎么应对，嗯，我们会在另一期节目中介绍更为复杂的拒绝邀请的表达。但是今天我就不再多说啦/到此为止。