用英语来介绍伦敦的四大建筑物并翻译

英国

1.圣保罗大教堂SalloPaulocathedral

ACathedraldedicatedtoStPaulhasoverlookedtheCityofLondonsince604AD,aconstantremindertothisgreatcommercialcentreoftheimportanceofthespiritualsideoflife.

ThecurrentCathedral–thefourthtooccupythissite–wasdesignedbythecourtarchitectSirChristopherWrenandbuiltbetween1675and1710afteritspredecessorwasdestroyedintheGreatFireofLondon.ItsarchitecturalandartisticimportancereflectthedeterminationofthefivemonarchswhooversawitsbuildingthatLondon’sleadingchurchshouldbeasbeautifulandimposingastheirprivatepalaces.

Sincethefirstservicetookplaceherein1697.Wren'smasterpiecehasbeenwherepeopleandeventsofoverwhelmingimportancetothecountryhavebeencelebrated,mournedandcommemorated.

ImportantserviceshaveincludedthefuneralsofLordNelson,theDukeofWellingtonandSirWinstonChurchill;JubileecelebrationsforQueenVictoria;peaceservicesmarkingtheendoftheFirstandSecondWorldWars;thelaunchoftheFestivalofBritain;theServiceofRemembranceandCommemorationforthe11thSeptember2001:the80thand100thbirthdaysofQueenElizabeth,theQueenMother;theweddingofCharles,PrinceofWales,toLadyDianaSpencerand,mostrecently,thethanksgivingservicesforboththeGoldenJubileeand80thBirthdayofHerMajestytheQueen.

Overthecenturies,StPaul’shaschangedtoreflectshiftingtastesandattitudes.Decorationhasbeenaddedandremoved,serviceshavebeenupdated,differentareashavebeenputtonewuses.Today,thehistoryofthenationiswritteninthecarvedstoneofitspillarsandarchesandiscelebratedinitsworksofartandmonuments.

2.LondonEye伦敦巨眼摩天轮

TheLondonEye(MilleniumWheel)ataheightof135metres(443ft),isthebiggestFerriswheelinEurope,andhasbecomethemostpopularpaidtouristattractionintheUnitedKingdom,visitedbyover3millionpeopleayear.

AtthetimeitwaserecteditwasthetallestFerriswheelintheworld,untilitwassurpassedbytheStarofNanchang(160m)inMay2006,andthentheSingaporeFlyer(165m)onFebruary11,2008.However,itisstilldescribedbyitsoperatorsastheworld'stallestcantileveredobservationwheel(becausetheentirestructureissupportedbyanA-frameononesideonly).]

TheLondonEyeislocatedatthewesternendofJubileeGardens,ontheSouthBankoftheRiverThamesinLondon,UnitedKingdom,betweenWestminsterBridgeandHungerfordBridge.ThesiteisadjacenttothatoftheformerDomeofDiscovery,whichwasbuiltfortheFestivalofBritainin1951.

3.伦敦大桥LondonBridge

LondonBridgeisabridgebetweentheCityofLondonandSouthwarkinLondon,England,overtheRiverThames.SituatedbetweenCannonStreetRailwayBridgeandTowerBridge,itformsthewesternendofthePoolofLondon.OnthesouthsideofthebridgeareSouthwarkCathedralandLondonBridgestation;onthenorthsidearetheMonumenttotheGreatFireofLondonandMonumenttubestation.

ItwastheonlybridgeovertheThamesdownstreamfromKingstonuntilWestminsterBridgeopenedin1750.

ThebridgecarriespartoftheA3road,whichismaintainedbytheGreaterLondonAuthority;thebridgeitselfisownedandmaintainedbytheBridgeHouseEstates(seeCityBridgeTrust),anindependentcharityoverseenbytheCityofLondonCorporation.

4.大英博物馆theBritishMuseum

TheBritishMuseumisamuseumofhumanhistoryandcultureinLondon.Itscollections,whichnumbermorethan7millionobjects,areamongstthelargestandmostcomprehensiveintheworldandoriginatefromallcontinents,illustratinganddocumentingthestoryofhumanculturefromitsbeginningtothepresent.ThemuseumisaNon-DepartmentalPublicBodysponsoredbytheDepartmentforCulture,MediaandSport.

“ThewondersofthemuseumbroughtheretoBloomsburyfromallaroundtheworld'simaginedcornersarenumberless.Howcantheybenamed?Aswelltallyeachleafofatree.Theycomehereoutofthelivingmindsofgenerationsofmenandwomennowdead–GreekandAssyrian,AztecandInuit,ChineseandIndian–whohaveconceivedandcarvedandhammeredandtemperedandcasttheseobjectstorepresenttheworldsaroundthem,visibleandinvisible.”

TheBritishMuseumwasestablishedin1753,largelybasedonthecollectionsofthephysicianandscientistSirHansSloane.Themuseumfirstopenedtothepublicon15January1759inMontaguHouseinBloomsbury,onthesiteofthecurrentmuseumbuilding.Itsexpansionoverthefollowingtwoandahalfcenturieshasresultedinthecreationofseveralbranchinstitutions,thefirstbeingtheBritishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinSouthKensingtonin1887.Until1997,whenthecurrentBritishLibrarybuildingopenedtothepublic,theBritishMuseumwasuniqueinthatithousedbothanationalmuseumofantiquitiesandanationallibraryinthesamebuilding.Since2001thedirectoroftheMuseumhasbeenNeilMacGregor.

AswithallothernationalmuseumsandartgalleriesinBritain,theMuseumchargesnoadmissionfee,althoughchargesareleviedforsometemporaryspecialexhibitions