简单英语语法知识
therebe句式有时可以与情态动词连用
■与can/could连用
Therecanbenodoubtaboutthat.
那是毫无疑问的。
Withoutheavyindustrytherecanbenoeconomicadvance.
没有重工业,就没有经济的发展。
Ifthepolicehadn’tclosedtheroadtherecouldhavebeenabadaccident.
要不是警方关闭了道路,本来会发生严重车祸的。
■与may/might连用
Theremightstillbehope.
可能还有希望。
Theremaybealetterforme.
大概有我一封信。
Theremaybeastormtomorrow.
明天可能有风暴。
Attheendtheremaybeanindex.
结尾处可能有索引。
Theremightbedrinksifyouwaitforabit.
如果你等一会儿,可能会有饮料。
Theremaybemoreimportanceinitthanwouldseem.
它的重要意义可能要比看上去大。
■与must连用
Theremustbeamistake.
一定是弄错了。
Hefelttheremustbesomethingwrong.
他感到准有什么问题。
Theremustbesomebodyathome—ringagain.
家里肯定有人——再按一下铃。
Theremustbesomebookwhichcouldhelp.
一定有那么本书可以帮我们的忙。
Thatcan’tbetheonlyway.Theremustbeotherwaysofsolvingtheproblem.
那不是解决问题的唯一办法,肯定有另外的办法。
■与should连用
Thereshouldn’tbeanydoubtaboutit.
对此不应有什么怀疑。
Itisimportantthatthereshouldbeafireescape.
要有一个太平梯,这很重要。
Thewidowbeggedthatthereshouldbenoreprisals.
遗孀祈求不要去搞复仇。
■与oughtto连用
Thereoughttobeacommahere.
这儿应有一个逗号。
Thereshouldn’tbeanydoubtaboutit.
对此不应有什么怀疑。
Thereoughttobetrafficlightsatthiscrossroads.
这个十字路口应该有红绿灯。
Thereoughttobeenoughofafireleftupthere.
上面那儿残留的火势该够大了。
Thereoughtn’ttohavebeenanydifficultyaboutit
此事本不应有什么困难。
■与usedto连用
Thereusedtobeasmallparkjustaroundthecorner.
以前在那个拐角就有一个小公园。
Therearemoreflowersthanthereusedtohe.
现在比过去花儿更多了。
Thereusedtobeacinemahere,didn’tthere?
过去这儿是有一家电影院的,是吗?
Thereusedtobeahospitalhere.
原来这里有家医院。
Thereusedtobefourcinemasinthetown,nowthereisonlyone.
过去这座城市有四家电影院。现在只有一家了。
从零开始学语法:情态动词can与may的.用法
can的用法
一、表能力,有“能,会,能够”的意思。例如:
-Canyoudriveacar?你会开车吗?
-Yes,Ican.我会。/No,Ican't.我不会。
二、表允许,在口语中代替may,有“可以”的意思。
(见下面may的用法第四点)
三、表示可能性,常用于否定句和疑问句。例如:
Canitbetrue?那会是真的吗?
TodayisSunday.Hecan'tbeatschool.今天是星期天,他不可能在学校里。
很多同学都不太清楚can与beableto的异同吧,赶快来学习一下吧>>
may的用法
一、表示许可或征求对方的许可,有“可以”的意思。例如:
Youmaygonow.你可以走了。
MayIuseyourcomputer?我用一下你的电脑可以吗?
二、回答以may开头的疑问句有如下表达法:
-MayIsmokehere?我可以在这儿抽烟吗?
-Yes,youmay./Yes,please.请抽吧。
-No,youcan't./No,youmustn't./No,you'dbetternot.请不要抽烟。
三、表示猜测,通常只用于陈述句。例如:
Youmayberight.你可能是对的。
四、在口语中can可以代替may表示许可,但can较随便,may更正式。例:
CanIuseyourbike,John?约翰,我可以用一下你的自行车吗?
MayIhavealookatyourlicenseplease,sir?先生,我可以看一下你的执照吗?
从零开始学语法:情态动词must与haveto的用法
must的用法
一、表义务,“必须”。例如:
Youmusttalktothemabouttheirstudy.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。
二、在否定结构中表不许。例如:
Youmustn'tleavehere.你不能离开这儿。
三、表推测,暗含有很大的可能性。例如:
Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
注意:之前我们说过may也可以表猜测,但是may暗含的可能性较小,must暗含的可能性较大。另外否定的猜测是用can't。例如:
Thebabycan'tbeill.Heissoactive.那宝宝不大可能是病了。他那么活跃。
四、表不可避免,“必然要,必定会”。例如:
Allmenmustdie.人总有一死。
五、表主张,“坚持要,一定要”。例如:
Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaittilltherainstops.如果你坚持要走,至少也要等雨停了再走。
六、关于must的简短回答:
-MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?我必须马上打扫膳厅吗?
-Yes,youmust.是的。
-No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.不必马上打扫。
haveto的用法
一、haveto表客观的需要和义务,must表主观的认识。例如:
Imissedthetrain,soIhadtotakeataxi.我没搭上火车,所以我只得打的。(客观上需要打的)
Imuststudyhard.我必须努力学习。(主观上认为应该努力学习)
二、在疑问句和否定句中,haveto多用助动词do构成,must则直接提前或加not。例如:
Didhehavetodoit?=Musthedoit?他得做那件事吗?
而且在否定句中,haveto表不需要,must表不允许:
Youdon'thavetogothere.你不需要去那儿。
Youmustn'tgothere?你不可去那儿。
2014高考英语抓分训练:情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、复合句(含答案解析)
一、情态动词与虚拟语气考点
Iamamiddleschoolstudent.Ihavemanydreams.Ifthere1.________(be)notsomuchhomework,IwouldhavemoretimetodowhatIliketodo.HowIwishI2.________(listen)tomyfavouritemusicforanhouradayand3.________(play)tabletennisforanhourinthemorning.It'smydesirethatwe4.________(hold)eveningpartiesor5.________(organize)someinterestingactivitiesatweekend.Isuggestthatthere6.________(be)notsomanytests.Youcanimaginewhatlife7.________(will)beifI8.________(realize)mydream.ButImustfacetheexams.Withoutgoodmarks,I9.________(will)notentermyidealuniversity.Anyway,it'shightimethatI10.________(encourage)myselfandworkedhardfromnowon.
二、不定式考点
DearEditors,
MynameisAdamRouse.I'm19yearsoldandIused1.________(be)aheavysmoker.Ifirststarted2.________(smoke)whenIwasonly15althoughIknowitisveryharmful3.________(smoke)atanytime.
Ireadyourmagazineandknowthattherearesomeorganizations4.________(help)peoplestopsmoking.Participantslearn5.________(recognise)smokingtriggersandtheytry6.________(set)adateinthefuturewhentheywillstop7.________(smoke)onpurpose.Now,Iamlookingforsomeideas8.________(help)myself9.________(give)upsmokingandIexpectmyself10.________(accept)asamemberofyourorganizations.
Yourssincerely,
LiLei
三、分词考点
Manyyearsago,ayoungforeigner1.________(call)MarcoPolotravelledallthewayfromItalytoChina.Fromthenonawindowtotheeasthasbeen2.________(open)forwesterners.
Twokindsofgoldcoinsonce3.________(make)byEuropeansshowedtheirrespectstothegreatexplorer.
MarcoPolowas4.________(bear)in1254.HelivedinVenice,arichcityinItaly.Marco'sfatheranduncleweremerchants.Theyhadtravelledtotheeast.SowhenMarcowasyoung,heenjoyed5.________(listen)tothestoriesabouttheplaces6.________(visit)byhisfather.Hisfatherdecided7.________(take)himonatrip.WhenMarcoPolowasjust17,helefthiscountryforChina.Theywereamongthefirsttogoalongthesilkroad.Theyhadalotoftroublein8.________(explore).SoitwasahardtripforMarcoPolo,buthewasverybrave.Afteraboutfouryears,MarcometKublaiKhanwhogavehimajob.Marcospent17years9.________(work)forhim.HevisitedmostpartsofChina.Helearnedlotsof10.________(interest)thingsaboutChineselife.Whenhereturnedhome,heletothersknowaboutthingslikecoalandpapermoney.Hewroteabouthistripinafamousbook.
四、动名词考点
Everyoneneedsfriends.Thereisanold1.________(say):friendsareGod'swayof2.________(take)careofus.Buthowdoyoufindrealfriendshipandkeepit?
TheCareandKeepingofFriendsbyAmericanauthorSallySeamanstellsyoungstudentssomesmartwaysof3.________(find)friends.Sallysays4.________(arrive)atfriendshipisjustlike5.________(plant)atree.Youplanttheseedandtakecareofittomakeitgrow.First,youshouldchooseafriend.Whatmakesagoodfriend?Itisnotbecauseapersonhasmoneyorgoodlooks.Agoodfriendshouldbekindandpatient.Forexample,ifyouhaveahardday,agoodfriendshouldlistentoyourcomplaintsanddotheirbest6.________(help).Tomakeafriend,youcannotbetooshy.Youshouldmakeeachotherhappyandshareyourlife.Butthingscan'talwaysbehappy.Eventhebestfriendshavefights.Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhaveafightwithyourfriends?Youhavetotalktothem.Whenthereisnoonearound,haveanhonesttalk.Ifheorshedoesn'twant7.________(talk),youcouldwritealetter.
Sallysaystherearethreestepsto8.________(be)friendsagain.Tellhimorherhowyouarefeeling,saywhatyourfriendhasdonewrong,andexplainwhyyoudidthisorthat.Thebookalsohasadviceonsomesmallbutimportantthingslike9.________(celebrate)yourfriends'success.Evenifyouhaven'thadarealfriendbefore,youwillstart10.________(think)ofhavingoneifyoureadthisbook,becausethebooktellsthatfriendshipisthemostimportantthinginyourlife.
五、名词性从句考点
Threeyearshadpassedandthingswereevenworsethanbefore.Onecanhardlyimagine1.________thepoorpeoplesuffered.Mostoftheworkerslosttheirjobsandinordertoprovidefortheirfamiliestheysoldeverything2.________theyhadintheirhouses.Theycouldneithergetfoodnorclothing.Manyofthemfellillanddied.
Nowtheybegantounderstand3.________thefactoryownersweretheirenemies.Buttheybelievedthat4.________thegovernmentknew5.________hardtheirconditionswere,theywouldgivethemsomehelp.Inameetingtheydecided6.________theyshouldsendsomeoftheirmentoLondontotellthegovernmentofthetruth.Jacksonwaschosentobeoneofthemtogotothecapital.Hefeltproud7.________hecoulddosomethingforhisfriends.
Afewdayslater,whenJacksoncamebackfromLondonandwasaskedtotellabout8.________hadhappenedthere,herepliedinalowvoice,“Iwillneverforget9.________weworkersweretreatedthere,andIwillneverforgivethosewhorefusedtohearus.Friends,letusdoallwecantostruggleagainstthecapitalistsandthegovernment10.________supportsthem.”
六、定语从句考点
Someday,ifyouarelucky,youmayseeabongo.Buttheonlyway1.________mostpeoplewillseeitisinazoo.TheyarefoundinAfrica,2.________theyliveddeepinforests.EveninAfrica,veryfewpeopleevergettoseeabongo.Thebongodoesnotcomeoutoftheforestveryoften.Itisananimal3.________keepstoitself.
Thebongohasbeautifulcolouring.Itshairisbrightbrownmixedwithorangeandred.Downitsbackandacrossitssidesthebongohasyellowwhitestrips.Animals4.________lookforfoodatnightusuallyhavebigeyes.Thishelpsthemseebetteratnight.Theforestsin5.________bongosliveareverydark.Theeyesofbongosareverybig.So,theyhavenottroubleinlivinginthedarkness.
Bongosinzoosdonotliketogooutsideonbrightdays.Theyonlygooutsideonthosedayswhenitisdarkorverycloudy.
七、状语从句考点
Twotravellingangelsstoppedtospendthenightinthehomeofawealthyfamily.Thefamilywasrudeandrefusedtolettheangelsstayinthemansion'sguestroom.Insteadtheangelsweregivenasmallspaceinthecoldbasement.1.________theymadetheirbedonthehardfloor,theolderangelsawaholeinthewallandrepairedit.Whentheyoungerangelasked2.________,theolderangelreplied,“Thingsaren'talways3.________theyseem.”
Thenextnightthepaircametorestatthehouseofaverypoor,4.________veryhospitablefarmerandhiswife.Aftersharingwhatlittlefoodtheyhad,thecouplelettheangelssleepintheirbed5.________theycouldhaveagoodnight'srest.6.________thesuncameupthenextmorningtheangelsfoundthefarmerandhiswifeintears.Theironlycow,7.________milkhadbeentheirsoleincome,laydeadinthefield.Theyoungerangelwasinfuriatedandaskedtheolderangel,“Howcouldyouhaveletthishappen?”“Thefirstmanhadeverything,yetyouhelpedhim,”sheaccused.“Thesecondfamilyhadlittle8.________waswillingtoshareeverythingandyouletthecowdie.”
“Thingsaren'talwayswhattheyseem,”theolderangelreplied.“9.________westayedinthebasementofthemansion,Inoticedtherewasgoldstoredintheholeinthewall.10.________theownerwassoobsessedwithgreedandunwillingtosharehisgoodfortune,Isealedthewallandhewouldn'tfindit.Thenlastnightaswesleptinthefarmer'sbed,theangelofdeathcametohiswife.IaskedGodiftheangelcouldtakethecowinstead.”
八、复合句考点
GandhiwashonouredasthefatheroftheIndiannation.HehasbeenrespectedandbelovedbytheIndianswiththebelief1.________heisanIndiannationalhero.HewasborninIndiain1869.2.________isrecorded,hegotmarriedattheageof13,followingthelocalcustom.In1888hesailedtoEngland,3.________hestudiedlawforthreeyearsandbecamealawyer.4.________hisreturntoIndia,hewassenttoSouthAfricatoworkonalawcase.InSouthAfricahewassurprisedtofind5.________theproblemofracialdiscriminationwasserious.Thereheformedanorganizationandthiswas6.________hestartedtofightforequalrights.GandhireturnedtoIndiain1915,7.________IndiawascontrolledbytheBritish.HeledtheIndianstofightforanendtotheBritishruleandindependenceforhiscountry.8.________inthepoliticalmovementmanyIndiansincludingGandhiwereputinprisonanditwasstillnotsure9.________theycouldgainindependence,thestrugglesneverstopped.TheBritishgovernmenthadtogiveinandIndiawonitsindependencein1947.Unfortunately,GandhiwasshotbyanIndian10.________opposedhisviewsanddiedonJanuary30th,1948.
一、情态动词与虚拟语气考点
1.were2.listened3.played4.(should)hold
5.(should)organize6.(should)be7.would
8.realized/shouldrealize/weretorealize9.would
10.encouraged
二、不定式考点
1.tobe2.smoking/tosmoke3.tosmoke4.tohelp
5.torecognise6.toset7.smoking8.tohelp
9.(to)give10.tobeaccepted
三、分词考点
1.called2.opened3.made4.born5.listening
6.visited7.totake8.exploring9.working
10.interesting
四、动名词考点
1.saying2.taking3.finding4.arriving5.planting
6.tohelp7.totalk8.being9.celebrating
10.thinking/tothink
五、名词性从句考点
1.how2.that3.that4.if5.how6.that7.that8.what9.how10.that
六、定语从句考点
1.that2.where3.that/which4.that/which5.which
七、状语从句考点
1.As/When2.why3.what4.but5.where
6.When7.whose8.but9.When10.Since/Because
八、复合句考点
1.that2.As3.where4.On/After5.that6.how
7.when8.Though/Although9.whether10.who
小升初英语语法大全:情态动词must与haveto的用法
must的用法
一、表义务,“必须”。例如:
Youmusttalktothemabouttheirstudy.你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。
二、在否定结构中表不许。例如:
Youmustn'tleavehere.你不能离开这儿。
三、表推测,暗含有很大的可能性。例如:
Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。
注意:之前我们说过may也可以表猜测,但是may暗含的可能性较小,must暗含的可能性较大。另外否定的猜测是用can't。例如:
Thebabycan'tbeill.Heissoactive.那宝宝不大可能是病了。他那么活跃。
四、表不可避免,“必然要,必定会”。例如:
Allmenmustdie.人总有一死。
五、表主张,“坚持要,一定要”。例如:
Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaittilltherainstops.如果你坚持要走,至少也要等雨停了再走。
六、关于must的简短回答:
-MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?我必须马上打扫膳厅吗?
-Yes,youmust.是的。
-No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.不必马上打扫。
haveto的用法
一、haveto表客观的需要和义务,must表主观的认识。例如:
Imissedthetrain,soIhadtotakeataxi.我没搭上火车,所以我只得打的。(客观上需要打的)
Imuststudyhard.我必须努力学习。(主观上认为应该努力学习)
二、在疑问句和否定句中,haveto多用助动词do构成,must则直接提前或加not。例如:
Didhehavetodoit?=Musthedoit?他得做那件事吗?
而且在否定句中,haveto表不需要,must表不允许:
Youdon'thavetogothere.你不需要去那儿。
Youmustn'tgothere?你不可去那儿。
2011年中考英语试题单项选择之情态动词和系动词(1)
(2010.河北省卷,31.1)-Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?
-Yes,you________.
A.mustB.canC.mayD.need
(2010湖南省娄底市5.1)-MustIbeinhospitalforaweek,Doctor??
-No,you.Youcangobackhometomorrow.?
A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.must?
(2010湖南省娄底市7.1)-Whatdoyouthinkofthecake??
-Ilikeitverymuch.Ittastes.?
A.goodB.terribleC.well
(2010.江苏省盐城市3.1)Thedeskisnotdirty.You_______cleanit.
A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.needn’tC.can’t
(2010.四川省内江市23.1)-WhatisyourmothergoingtodothisSaturday?
--I’mnotsure.She_____gotoseemygrandmother.
A.canB.mustC.may
(2010.四川省自贡市31.1)-Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?
--No,you_________.You_________toleaveuntilthebellrings.
A.must;areallowedB.can’t,aren’tsupposed
C.needn’t;aren’tallowed
答案:ABACCC
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