英语中的间接引语把规则告诉下!!

（1）当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来，如果是引用原话，被引用的部分就称为直接引语（Direct Speech），否则称为间接引语（Indirect Speech） 直接引语通常都用引号（“”）括起来，间接引语多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。

（2）如果引用的句子原来是个陈述句，在间接引语中我们就要注意下面几点： 1）根据意思改变人称： 如：He said,“I go to the beach every Saturday.” 变成He said he went to the beach every Saturday. 2）如果主句的谓语动词said或told为过去时，由直接变为间接引语时，从句的时态要有变化。 eg: She said,“I am mad at Marcia.” 变为→She said she was mad at Marcia. eg: He said,“I am doing my homework.” 变为→He said he was doing his homework. He told me,“I will call you tomorrow.” 变为→He told me he would call me tomorrow （3）时态要降级 在直接引语向间接引语转换的过程中，不仅要进行句式上的转换，而且常常要在时间、地点、人称等方面作相应的转换。本文就高一所学直接引语转换间接引语用法归纳如下： 1．若直接引语为陈述句，则间接引语需改为以that所引导的宾语从句。如： The man said，“I often come t owork very early”．→The man said that he often came to work very early． 2．若直接引语为祈使句，则间接引语需改为动词不定式形式，原动词say也要改为可以带动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词如tell，ask，order，advise等。如： 1）Father said to me，“look after your sister．”→Father told me to look after my sister． 2）Mrs Black said to the students angrily，“Don’t make any noise again．” →Mrs Black ordered the students not to make any noise again． 3．若直接引语为一般疑问句，则间接引语改为以if，whether引导的宾语从句，原动词say也要改为ask。如： 1）“Do you usually do some washing on Sundays？”Joan said to me．→Joan asked me if／whether I usually did some washing on Sundays． 2）The driver said to the woman，“Could you tell me the way to the bus station？”→The driver asked the woman whether／if she could tell him the way to the bus station． 4．如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，则间接引语要改为以这个特殊疑问词为连接代词或连接副词所引导的宾语从句。 1）“What are you going to do next Friday afternoon？”Han Mei asked me． →Han Mei asked me what I was going to do the next Friday afternoon． 2）The boy asked，“How do you know the rule of that game？”→The boy asked how I knew the rule of that game． 5．如果直接引语是选择疑问句，则间接引语要根据选择疑问句的类型来确定：属于一般疑问句开头的选择疑问句，间接引语改为以if或whether引导的宾语从句；属于特殊疑问句开头的选择疑问句，间接引语则要改为以该疑问词引导的宾语从句。如： 1）“Will you go to the museum this weekend or next weekend？”Zhang Yin asked me．→Zhang Yin asked me whether／if I would go to the museum this weekend． 2）“Which bus shall I take to the Xinlong Department Store，No.2 bus or No.3 bus？”The villager asked the policeman．→The villager asked the policeman which bus she should take to the Xinlong Department Store． 精简一点就是 1,时态的变化:主句为现在或将来时态时,间接引语的时态不变;主句为过去时态时,间接引语则一般都改成过去时态'但表示自然科学和真理之类的仍以现在时出现. 2.today--that day this morning--that morning tonight--that night now--then yesterday--the day before tomorrow--the next day 3.地点状语的变化:here--there 4.人称的变化 5.指示代词的变化 6.直接引语为陈述句,改为间接引语时引述动词常用say,tell等.直接引语为疑问句,变成间接引语时引述动词常用say,ask,wonder,inquire等 7.疑问句直接引语改成间接引语后成了宾语从句,使用陈述句的语序. 8.祈使句改成间接引语时,变为动词不定式,而不是一个从句.