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考研英语必备长难句

发表时间:2025-03-15 17:26:28 来源:网友投稿

考研英语必备长难句

在考研英语中常常会出现长难句,长难句是考研英语的一大难点。那么考研英语必备长难句有哪些?

1.Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythewidespreadintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.

2.ThismodernfaithinmedicinesisprovedbythefactthattheannualdrugbilloftheHealthServicesismountingtoastronomicalfiguresandshowsnosignsatpresentofceasingtorise.

3.Thisoverlookedthefactthatthepoornationsnowcanborrowthetechnologiesofmoredevelopednations,someofwhichwillbereadilyadaptabletotheirownenvironments,andimprovetheirtechniquesofproductionveryrapidly.

4.Ninety-nineinahundredofwhatarecallededucatedmenareinthiscondition,andevenofthosewhocanarguefluentlyfortheiropinions.

5.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidencethatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbetrustworthyandreliable.

6.Wehaveenrichedourlivesbycreatingphysicalmobilitythroughthemotor-car,thejetaeroplane,andothermeansofmechanicaltransport;andwehaveaddedtoourintellectualmobilitybythetelephone,radio,andtelevision.

7.Heextendshisownenergiesbythegenerationandtransmissionofpowerandhisnervoussystemandhisthinkinganddecisionmakingfacultiesthroughautomation.

8.Onthewholesuchaconclusioncanbedrawnwithacertaindegreeofconfidence,butonlyifthechildcanbeassumedtohavehadthesameattitudetowardsthetestastheotherwithwhomheisbeingcompared,andonlyifhewasnotpunishedbylackofrelevantinformationwhichtheypossessed.

9.Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohaveagreatcapacityforsympathy,acapacitytounderstandthemindsandfeelingsofotherpeopleand,especially,sincemostteachersareschoolteachers,themindsandfeelingsofchildren.

10.Thisistheworldoutofwhichgrowsthehope,forthefirsttimeinhistory,ofasocietywheretherewillbefreedomfromwantandfreedomfromfear.

11.ThistrendbeganduringtheSecondWorldWar,whenseveralgovernmentscametotheconclusionthatthespecificdemandsthatagovernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentscannotgenerallybeforeseenindetail.

12.Webbarguesthatthecoloniallegislativeassembliesrepresentedtheinterestsnotofthecommonpeoplebutofthecolonialupperclasses,acoalitionofmerchantsandnobilitywhofavoredself-ruleandsoughttoelevatelegislativeauthorityattheexpenseoftheexecutive.

13.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerantnot,indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butoftheweaknessesandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.

14.Proponentsbelievethatmaypermanentlychangethebaby'sstructure,functioningandmetabolism,settingituptobemorevulnerablethannormaltothedevelopmentinadulthoodofheartdiseaseandrelateddisorderssuchashighbloodpressure,strokeanddiabetes.

15.Moreover,Icanfeelstrongemotionsinresponsetoobjectsofartsthatareinterpretations,ratherthanrepresentations,ofreality.

16.Newformsofthoughtsaswellasnewsubjectsforthoughtmustariseinthefutureastheyhaveinthepast,givingrisetonewstandardsofelegance.

17.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid.

18.FewchangesinthedomesticAmericaneconomyinthepostwarperiodappeartometobeassignificantandasinadequatelyrecognized,particularlybynationalpolicymakers,asthosechangesheavilyinfluencedbytechnologywhichincreasinglybindthedomesticeconomytotherestoftheworld,andmakeitamoreindependentsub-elementofalargerandmorepowerfuleconomicsystem.

19.Whiletherearealmostasmanydefinitionsofhistoryastherearehistorians,modernpracticemostcloselyconformstoonethatseeshistoryastheattempttorecreateandexplainthesignificanteventsofthepast.

20.InacritiquepublishedthisweekinTheLancetmedicaljournal,scientistsconcludethatthereportedlinkbetweenlowbirthweightandhigherbloodpressurelaterinlife,anearlycornerstoneofthetheory,maynotbeasstrongaspreviouslythought.

21.Therealizationthatshecanbeagoodprovidermayincreasethechancesthataworkingwifewillchoosedivorceoveranunsatisfactorymarriage.

22.FormostthinkerssincetheGreekphilosophers,itwasself-evidentthatthereissomethingcalledhumannature,somethingthatconstitutestheessenceofman.

23.Theexactmechanismsinvolvedarestillmysterious,butthelikelihoodthatmanycancersareinitiatedatthelevelofgenessuggeststhatwewillneverpreventallcancers.

24.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.

25.In1993,therewasanexplosioninapopulationofrodentsinsouthwesternUnitedStatesthatspreadhantavirussyndrome,alunginfection,afteradroughtthatkilledofftherodents'predatorswasquicklyfollowedbyheavyrainsthatexpandedtherats'foodsupply.

26.Sheadds,Mostwomenandblacksaresofrightenedthatpeoplewillthinktheyvegottenaheadbecauseoftheirsexorcolorthattheyplaydown【使不突出】theirvisibility.

27.Anexaminationofthehistoryofhumanitysuggestedthatmaninourepochissodifferentfrommaninprevioustimesthatitseemedunrealistictoassumethatmenineveryagehavehadincommonsomethingthatcanbecalledhumannature.

28.Thestudyofprimitivepeopleshasdiscoveredsuchadiversityofcustoms,values,feelings,andthoughtsthatmanyanthropologistsarrivedattheconceptthatmanisbornasablanksheetofpaperonwhicheachculturewritesitstext.

29.Assurgeonswatchathree-dimensionalimageofthesurgery,theymoveinstrumentsthatareconnectedtoacomputer,whichpassestheirmovementstoroboticinstrumentsthatperformthesurgery.

30.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.

31.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

32.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingover-weightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.

33.Sciencefictionisnotonlychangespeculatorbutchangeagent,sendinganechofromthefuturethatisbecomingintothepresentthatissculptingit.

34.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

35.Dependinguponhowthecouplereactstothesenewconditions,itcouldcreateastrongerequalpartnershiporitcouldcreatenewinsecurities.

36.Asaconsequence,itmayprovedifficultorimpossibletoestablishforasuccessfulrevolutionacomprehensiveandtrustworthypictureofthosewhoparticipatedortoanswereventhemostbasicquestionsonemightposeconcerningthesocialoriginsoftheinsurgents.

37.YetWalzersargument,howeverdeficient,doespointtooneofthemostseriousweaknessesofcapitalismnamely,thatitbringstopredominantpositionsthosepeoplewho,howeverlegitimatelytheyhaveearnedtheirmaterialrewards,oftenlackthoseimportantqualitieswhichevokeaffectionoradmiration.

38.However,itisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelop,improveandenforceenvironmentalstandards,Isubmit,whomustleadthecharge.

39.Thetheory,knownasthefetaloriginsofadultdiseasehypothesis,postulatesthatwhenafetusisundernourished,itdivertsresourcestoareasitreallyneedsatthetime,suchasthebrain,attheexpenseoforgansitwillneedlaterinlife,suchasthelungs.

40.Whethertheproductivitygainsthatresultfromnewindustriesbasedonnewtechnologyareproperlyreflectedintheindicesweusetomeasureproductivityornot,eachoftheseindustrieshasgivenusaquantumjumpinproductivity,nomatterhowyouchoosetodefineit.

41.Theemphasisondatagatheredfirst-hand,combinedwithacross-culturalperspectivebroughttotheanalysisofculturespastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctivelyimportantsocialscience.

42.ItisrecountedofThomasCarlylethatwhenheheardoftheillnessofhisfriend,HenryTailor,hewentoffimmediatelytovisithim,carryingwithhiminhispocketwhatremainedofabottleofmedicineformerlyprescribedforanindispositionofMrsCarlyles.

43.Thequestionofwhetherthedecreaseinplantfecunditycausedbythesprayingofpesticidesactuallycausesadeclineintheoverallpopulationoffloweringplantspeciesstillremainsunanswered.

44.PresidentBush,inaJune11speechonglobalclimatechange,describedasfatallyflawedthe1997treatynegotiatedinKyoto,Japan,bytheUnitedStatesandotherindustrialcountriesbutlaterrejectedbytheBushAdministration.

45.Giventhegreatexpenseofconductingsuchexperimentswithpropercontrols,andthelimitedpromiseofexperimentsperformedthusfar,itisquestionablewhetherfurtherexperimentsinthisareashouldevenbeconducted.

46.OneofthefirstmeasuresproposedbypresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltwhenhetookofficein1933wastheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct,whichwassubsequentlypassedbyCongress.

47.Asthecenturydeveloped,theincreasingmagnitudeandcomplexityoftheproblemstobesolvedandthegrowinginterconnectionofdifferentdisciplinesmadeitimpossible,inmanycases,fortheindividualscientisttodealwiththehugemassofnewdata,techniquesandequipmentrequiredforcarryingoutresearchaccuratelyandefficiently.

48.Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblemsolvingarenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.

49.Thereisnomoredifference,butthereisjustthesamekindofdifference,betweenthementaloperationsofamanofscienceandthoseofanordinaryperson,asthereisbetweentheoperationsandmethodsofabakerorofabutcherweighingouthisgoodsincommonscales,andtheoperationsofachemistinperformingadifficultandcomplexanalysisbymeansofhisbalanceandfinelygradedweights.

50.Itisnotthatthescalesintheonecase,andthebalanceintheother,differintheprinciplesoftheirconstructionormannerofworking;butthatthelatterisamuchfinerapparatusandofcoursemuchmoreaccurateinitsmeasurementthantheformer.

考研英语长难句备考建议

一、简单句

考研英语长难句的翻译中,若是简单句,无非就是考察定语、同位语、插入语和状语。只要我们能在阅读过程中识别出它们的存在,并分别对症下药,相信一切问题都将迎刃而解。

在这里特别要说几个处理方式:

1、定语采取的是前置和拆分。

2、同位语和插入语采取的是跳读。

3、状语采取的是剥离。

例如:Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,icoveredmyexitbyclaimingIwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily.

[分析]本句中,alateralmove是主语,prompted是谓语,thathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogress是alateralmove的定语,although,...withmyfamily是状语,其中逗号之间的inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister是插入语。

[译文]一次侧面的不光明磊落的攻击伤害了我的自尊,阻碍了我事业的发展,使我不得不抛弃了那份引人注目的工作,尽管表面上我还要以一个蒙受屈辱的政府部长的姿态,通过声称我只不过是想多和家人呆在一起来掩盖我的退出。

二、非简单句

非简单句是指含有一套以上主谓结构且句子中成分是句子构成的,如并列句、主从复合句。相对比较复杂,需要同学们多加练习,熟悉这类句子的特征并掌握其分析方法。

例如:ApoemlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabirdgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver.

[分析]这个句子是一个典型的定语从句,句子的的拆分点是off,which指代前面的名词birdge,这样这个句子就分成了两个句子:

1、ApoemlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronthebirdge.

2、Theybothfallintotheriveroffthebridge.

面对非简单句,化繁为简是最直接有效的办法。

考研英语长难句分析

为了使分析更有针对性,我们不但剖析了英语长难句的基本句型,而且对近年来考研英语试题中出现的典型长难句进行了分析。

长难句基本句型

近几年考研英语出现了很多难句。并且这些难句主要是长难句。长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式:复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。这四种方式往往可以相互结合,从而形成更长的难句。虽然形成长难句之方法有四,但是目的却只有一个,就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯,从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。

▶一、复合从句

在考研中复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴,当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。这种语法处理,并不是从语言学研究角度进行的,而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

【一】简单复合从句

简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。套用从句其实是最简单的长难句。这类句子就像一根锁链,只要抓住句子的各个连接点,理出句子层次,就完全可以把握住。

在翻译定语从句时,这【些/个】常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。阅读时定语从句一般可以跳过,实在不放心可以略读。一般情况下考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

并列从句大致有四种情况:并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。其实并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同,只不过并列从句一般较长,会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

并列从句修饰主语,就是说并列从句作状语。这种句子很简单。翻译时可以直译,把从句作定语,直接放在主语前面。如果从句很长,可以使用复指代词。翻译从句先行词时,要注意词性的转换,比如hope/suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。考生要切忌拘于词性。

并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。一般情况下这些从句都不完整,多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。事实上现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语,都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。

并列从句修饰宾语。宾语有两种一种是单纯宾语,另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。单纯宾语指在句中作宾语成分;准宾语指在介词后面的宾语。

并列从句修饰单纯宾语的句子结构很清晰,阅读难度不大,但翻译有些难度。并列从句修饰准宾语的就比较难了。因为后面有很长的介词短语会使考生在阅读中忘记句子前面的意思。

【二】复杂复合从句

复杂复合从句,就是说这些句子不是单纯的复合从句。复杂复合从句主要是因为句子中出现省略,插入和倒装等形式,从而加大了句子的难度。这也是考研英语为了加大难度常用的方式。在复杂复合从句中出现的省略一般主要是语法省略,语用省略一般很少。出现插入语其实是指这些词或短语的插入,使句子语法成分的联系打断,句子的整体性受到冲击,从而影响了句子的理解。

复杂复合从句中出现的插入语一般都是分词形式或者介宾结构。翻译时一般多可以翻为状语,有时也可以翻为定语。出现倒装时越短的句子越难。因为可以参考的信息很少。这种句子可以先把从句和先行词用一个代词替换,然后进行语序恢复。

背诵例句:

1、Manyexpertssuggestthatthechildraisedinanenvironmentwheretherearemanystimuliwhichdevelophiscapacityforappropriateresponseswillexperiencegreaterintellectualdevelopment.

译文:许多专家认为:如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里长大,而这些刺激物能够开发其相应的反映能力,那么这个儿童将会有得到更好的智力发展。

2、Howwellthepredictionwillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamount,reliability,andapprolpriatenessoftheinformationandontheskillwithwhichitisinterpreted.

译文:这些预测在多大程度上会被后来的表现所证实,这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性以及解释这些信息的技能。

3、Immediatelythearmyopenedfire,killingfourmenandinjuringthefifthwholaterdiedofhiswounds.

译文:部队突然开了火,打死四人,还有一人受伤。后来此人也因伤势过重死去。

4、Theking,whosepowerisunlimited,andwhosetreasuressurmountallrealandimaginarywants,iscompelledtoease,bytheconstructionoftheGreatWall,thesatietyofdominionandtastelessnessofapyramid,thesatietyofdominionandtastelessnessofpleasure.

译文:那个权力无上、财富无竭的国王,只有通过修筑长城来减轻自己对权力的厌倦和对欢乐的麻木。

5、Ourhopeforcreativelivinginthisworldhousethatwehaveinheritedliesinourabilitytore-establishthemoralendsofourlives.

译文:我们希望富有创造性地生活在我们继承的这个世界中,这种希望存在于我们重新建立道德标准的能力之中。

6、Tous,awinnerisonewhorespondsauthenticallybybeingtrustworthy,responsive,andgenuine,bothasanindividualandasamemberofasociety.

译文:在我们看来,成功者不管作为个人还是社会的一份子,他的真实表现都是可靠、灵敏、和真诚。

▶二、成分省略

语言有个节省性原则。成分省略主要是为了避免重复。一般的成分省略多为主语省略和谓语省略。这种省略属于语法省略。但考研中一般是语用省略,也就是说是为了某中具体的表达目的而采取的省略。成分省略一般和从句相结合,一正一反,使句子变得富有变化和难于把握。但省略句也有一些出现频率很高,所以需要熟记。

背诵例句:

1、Itisquiteuneveringnottobeabletoseeortoestablishcontactwiththeothers,eventhoughwehavelearnttotalkwithpeoplewecannotsee,asonthetelephone.

译文:即使我们适应了打电话这种看不见对方的交谈方式,这种看不见也触摸不到对方的对话还是让人感到很不自在。

2、ToAmerican,beingononessownmeansthatoneisafullingdependentfunctioningpartofthewholecapableandwillingtomakechoices.

译文:对美国人来说个人的自立就是指这个人在集体中完全独立并且又能发挥作用。他有能力而且也愿意在做出自己的选择。

3、Intheirhearts,womenthinkitismen'sbusinesstoearnmoneyandtheirstospenditifpossibleduringtheirhunsband'slive,but,atanyrate,afterhisdeath.

译文:女人们从心底认为:挣钱是男人的事情,女人只管话花钱可能的话丈夫在世时就花;不行的话,那就在丈夫去世后再花。

4、Ican`tacceptthisfactbecauseIknowthatifIwasn`tabletoavoidamistake,chanceswerethatnoothersurgeoncouldhaveeither.

译文:我可以接受这个事实,因为我明白如果我都不能避免出错,那么其他的外科大夫出错也就难免了。

5、Withstrongwill,mencanmovemountainandfillseas.andhave.

译文:凭借坚强的意志,人类能够移山填海。而事实上人类已经做到。

6、Thewarfinallycametoanend,butnotbeforehundredsofthousandsofpeoplehaddied.

译文:战争终于结束,但却是在千万人在战争中丧生之后才结束。

▶三、使用插入语

插入语是因为分裂了句子的结构而得名的,所以这个术语主要是从语法功能角度出发提出的,对语法形式没有多大考虑。插入语一般是主谓结构或者介宾结构。使用插入语主要是为了调整语气和增加补充信息,并且更主要目的是为了平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻。插入语是主谓结构,一般都是sbsay/reason/suggest这种格式,阅读问题不大,翻译时要提到句首。

插入语是介宾结构也是如此处理。定语从句和分词做定语时,如果是插在主谓结构之间也可以看作是插入语。考研翻译中出现最多的插入语是用破折号插入的新话题或者补充信息。这种插入标志很明显,只是翻译处理会有些棘手。因为一些句子成分【一般是定语】过长而出现后置,也可看作是插入现象。只不过这种插入只是句子原有成分间的位子变化,没有新增成分。

背诵例句:

1、Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightsofgreatmenofgeniusasbecauseofmoreordinarythingslikeimprovedtechniquesandtools.

译文:他们说,科学的进步与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于诸如改进的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。

2、Those,unawareofwhatishappeninginsocietytodaymaybesurprisedtolearnthatfewacademicphilosophersstudydeath,happinessandsoon.

译文:那些人不了解当今社会发生的事情,所以发现现在的哲学家很少研究死亡和幸福之类的东西时会感到奇怪。

3、Mostexpertsseeinthisaparadoxanendlessconflictbetweenthedesiretoconformandthedesiretoremainapart.

译文:大多数专家都从中看到一种矛盾,即从众的欲望和试图与众不同的欲望之间的绵延不断的冲突。

4、Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficientlythis,afterall,iswhatconquerorsandgeneralshavedoneisnotbeingcivilized.

译文:即使善于驱使别人去为自己打仗,并且告诉他们怎样打才最有效这毕竟是征服者和将军们干过的事也不能称其为文明行为。

5、Demonstrationsarebeingstagedinthetown.whereoppositionismountingtotheconstructionofanuclearwastestorageplantneartheriver.

译文:这个城市不断发生示威**,而且这种反对在河边建造核废料储存厂的呼声日高涨。

▶四、改变语序

改变语序一般指倒装。倒装分为语法倒装和修辞倒装。考研难点一般在修辞倒装。修辞倒装主要是为了强调,一种是强调句子的表达重心,一种是强调一种表达语气,比如命令语气,假设语气【虚拟语气的倒装属于此类】疑问语气和否定语气。这些倒装常和一些连词或者副词【如nor/so/only/never/until等】密切相关。下文所举例子基本是从这个角度出发选择出来的。

背诵例句:

1、Soinvolvedwiththebookdotheboybecomethathismotheroftenhavetoforcehimtobreak.

译文:那男孩对这本书如此着迷,以至于他的母亲不得不总强迫他停下。

2、Onlyafterstudiesprovidedevidenceoftheharmfuleffectsofthisprogram,hasitbeenpossibletomodifyTVprogrammingpolicies.

译文:除非研究提供证据表明这个节目有不良影响,否则电视节目的播放政策不会改变。

3、Lonelywasseeinghissononlyonceamonthsincethedivorce.

译文:离婚后,他每月只能看儿子一次。这使他感到孤独。

4、Scientistsdonotknowexactlyhowthevirusdamagestheimmunesystem,nordotheyunderstandwhythenaturalantibodiesdevelopedtodestroythevirusareineffective.

译文:科学家们迄今未能确定这种病毒破坏免疫系统的机理,他们也不明白旨在破坏这种病毒的天然抗体为什么无效。

5、Andneverbeforehasitbeensoundeniablethatmutuallybeneficialinternationalinstitutionsofcooperationareavitalglobalnecessity.

译文:过去人们从来没有这么坚信各国互利的国际合作机构是全球不可或缺的要素。

6、Thematerialdestructionofthewarwasnotsogreatbutthatitcouldbythistimehavebeenrepaired,hadagoodpeacebeenmadewithoutdelay.

译文:假若当时立即恢复了和平,战争在物质方面的破坏无论怎样大,到一也能够得到修复了。

7、Hewroteanovel,andnosoonerdidhehavethesynopsisofastory,buthewouldinviteacrowdofhisfriendsoutdoorsandreaditaloudtothem.

译文:他写小说时刚刚构思出剧情轮廓就赶紧邀请一群朋友到野外,然后把剧情梗概大声地念给他们听。

考研英语长难句如何复习

1.寻找谓语动词

如果找到了谓语动词,就说明有句子存在。那么如何寻找谓语动词呢?记住:有时态的动词就一定是谓语,但是要弄清非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别。接着顺着谓语动词往前找,如果有引导词存在的话,说明这个谓语动词所在的句子就是个从句,再根据引导词前的单词判定这是个什么从句:

1】如果引导词前面是个名词,则要根据情况来判断是定语从句还是同位语从句;

2】如果引导词前面是实义动词,说明这个从句是宾语从句;

3】如果引导词前面是系动词,说明这个从句是表语从句;

4】如果谓语动词前面是状语从句的引导词,说明这个从句是状语从句;

如果顺着谓语动词往前找,却没有引导词,说明这是主句的谓语动词,那么它的前面就是主语,后面就应该是宾语或表语了。

真题再现:Thisalonedemonstratesthatthetelevisionbusinessisnotaneasyworldtosurvivein,afactunderlinedbystatisticsthatshowthatoutofeightyEuropeantelevisionnetworksnolessthan50%tookalossinl989.【2005年英译汉】

2.寻找并列连词

常见的并列连词有:and,but,yet,or,so,for,notonlybutalso,neithernor,togetherwith等等。有这些单词的句子里一般就有并列结构存在,并且很可能存在着省略现象,所以注意要推断出省略的成分。

真题再现:Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous【self-governing】manoftraditionaltheory,andtheyareessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.【2002年英译汉】

3.寻找引导词

从句就是引导词+句子,所以找到引导词就找到了从句,再根据引导词前的单词确定其是什么从句。

名词性从句的连接词:that,what【ever】,who【ever】,where,when,why,how,whether...ornot等。

定语从句的关系代词和关系副词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as,when,where,why等。

状语从句的关系连接词:when,while,as,though,although,where,evenif等。

真题再现:Whorfcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminismwhich,initsstrongestform,statesthatlanguageimprisonsthemind,andthatthegrammaticalpatternsinalanguagecanproducefar-reachingconsequencesforthecultureofasociety.【2004年英译汉】

4.寻找名词

一般的长句子中,名词一般作主语或宾语,其后一般都有修饰限定成分,即定语或同位语。

真题再现:Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecallexpecthundredsofkeybreakthroughsanddiscoveriestotakeplace.【2001年英译汉】

5.确认非谓语和独立主格结构

-个句子的主句最重要的特征就是有完整的主谓结构,尤其是要有独立的谓语部分。do/does和is/am/are的各种时态变化都可以作谓语,但是单纯的todo/doing/done和tobe/being的形式是不可以作谓语的。一个看似句子的结构。如果没有独立的谓语部分,那它就不是一个句子,而是分词短语或者独立主格结构。

经典例句:Withasmanyas120varietiesinexistence,discoveringhowcancerworksisnoteasy。

6.确认各种复杂结构

英语复合句中存在很多的复杂结构,如倒装、强调、省略、插人等等。首先要了解认识这些结构的特点,其次要会确认和应对。比如说插人结构,读句子时,先不要理会插入语,先把主句的意思看完。然后再看插入部分。

经典例句:Today,stepladderscarrylabelsseveralincheslongthatwarn,amongotherthings,thatyoumight-surprise!-falloff.

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